生物炭添加对黄土高原典型土壤田间持水量的影响  

Impact of Biochar Addition into Typical Soils on Field Capacity in Loess Plateau

作　　者：颜永毫[1] 郑纪勇[1,2] 张兴昌[1,2] 李世清[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2013年第4期120-124,190,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41071195);中国科学院西部行动计划项目(KZCX2-XB3-13);校科研专项项目(QN2011145)

摘　　要：为确定生物炭添加对黄土高原典型土壤水分条件的影响,利用威尔科克斯法,室内条件下测定2种生物炭类型(苹果树枝生物炭和锯末生物炭)及3种生物炭添加比例(2%,5%,10%)对黄土高原3种典型土壤塿土、黄绵土、风沙土田间持水量的影响。结果显示:塿土、黄绵土、风沙土添加生物炭后田间持水量分别平均增加2.77%,3.09%,4.17%,显著高于不施炭处理(p<0.05)。苹果树枝生物炭对3种土壤田间持水量提高程度平均值为4.67%,显著高于锯末生物炭2.02%的提高程度;生物炭添加量与土壤田间持水量增加程度成正比例关系,添加量越大,土壤田间持水量增加程度越高,其中,苹果树枝生物炭10%添加量对3种土壤田间持水量的增加程度最大。研究表明,生物炭添加可以显著提高土壤田间持水量,不同种类生物炭及添加量对土壤田间持水量影响差异较大。In order to explore the influence of biochar on the soil water,the effects of two different types of biochar(apple tree branch-derived biochar and sawdust-derived biochar)with three different biochar addition rates(2%,5%,10%,W/W)on the field capacities of three typical Loess Plateau soils including cumulic cinnamon soil,loessial soil and aeolian soil were studied using welcox method.Results indicated that compared to the treatment without biochar,the field capacities of cumulic cinnamon soil,loessial soil,and aeolian soil averagely increased by 2.77%,3.09%,4.17%,respectively,the mean increment of the field capacities of three soils added with apple tree branch-derived biochar was 4.67%,which was greater than that of saw dust-derived biochar(2.02%).Another phenomenon was also observed that the field capacity increased with increasing addition rate,and the treatments whose addition rate of apple tree branch biochar was 10%,showing the greatest positive effect.In conclusion,the field capacities of three soils were significantly increased after biochar addition,differences of the effects of biochar type and addition amount on the field capacities of different soils were extensive.

关 键 词：生物炭 土壤 田间持水量 黄土高原 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]