不同环境材料对黄河三角洲滨海盐碱化土壤的改良效应  

Improvement Effects of Different Environmental Materials on Coastal Saline-alkali Soil in Yellow River Delta

作　　者：孙在金[1] 黄占斌[1] 陆兆华[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)化学与环境工程学院,北京100083 [2]滨州学院山东省黄河三角洲生态环境重点实验室,山东滨州256603

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2013年第4期186-190,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2010BAC68B01);国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2011BAC02B01-05)

摘　　要：针对黄河三角洲滨海盐碱化土壤的特点,选取4种含盐量分别为0.13%,0.24%,0.86%和2.07%的土壤,采用脱硫石膏和腐植酸作为改良剂,通过单施与配施组合处理开展土壤改良的淋溶试验,分析4种淋滤液的酸碱度(pH)、电导率(EC)、淋溶后土壤的pH、水溶性全盐、Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+含量,以及钠吸附比(SAR)变化。结果表明:脱硫石膏处理(A)和腐植酸+脱硫石膏处理(C)的土壤淋滤液pH值均显著低于对照(CK)和腐植酸处理(B),而EC显著高于处理A和处理C。对于淋溶后的盐碱化土壤,处理A、B、C均能降低土壤pH、代换性Na+含量和土壤SAR。处理B能够降低土壤水溶性盐含量,但差异不显著,处理A和C能显著提高土壤水溶性盐含量。测定发现,处理C对滨海盐碱土的改良效应最显著,4种土壤淋溶后pH分别较对照CK降低0.26%,0.83%,1.05%,1.83%;Na+含量分别降低82.4%,92.6%,89.1%,78.6%;SAR分别降低97.4%,98.5%,97.7%,94.7%。综合比较认为,在黄河三角洲滨海盐碱土壤改良中,在保证灌溉量的基础上采用脱硫石膏与腐植酸配施可达到良好的盐碱地改良效果。Based on the characters of coastal saline-alkali soil in Yellow River Delta,four kinds soil with different total salt content 0.13%,0.24%,0.86%,2.07% were selected,using flue gas desulphurization gypsum and humic acid as soil amendments,through single and combined application,leaching experiment of soil improvement was operated,the pH and EC of the four kinds leachate were analyzed,soil pH,total salt content,the content of Na+,Ca2+and Mg2+of soil after leaching were also determined and sodium adsorption ratio(SAR)was calculated.The results showed that leachate pH of treatments of flue gas desulphurization gypsum(A)and humic acid and flue gas desulfurization gypsum(C)was significantly lower than that of CK and humic acid treatment(B),but the EC was significantly higher.After leaching,treatment A,B and C all decreased soil pH,exchangeable Na+content and soil SAR.Treatment B could decrease the total salt content with no significant difference between them,while treatment A and C could increase the total salt content significantly.By analysis the results,it was found that treatment C had the most significant improvement effect.Compared with the CK,soil pH was decreased by 0.26%,0.83%,1.05%and 1.83%,respectively.Na+content was decreased by 82.4%,92.6%,89.1%,78.6%,respectively.SAR was decreased by 97.4%,98.5%,97.7% and 94.7%,respectively.The experimental results demonstrated that improving coastal saline-alkali soil in Yellow River Delta,combined application of flue gas desulphurization gypsum and humic acid was suggested on the basis of ensuring the irrigation amount to get the better effect.

关 键 词：脱硫石膏 腐植酸 淋溶 盐碱土 黄河三角洲 

分 类 号：S156.2[农业科学—土壤学] S156.4[农业科学—农业基础科学]