沟谷地玉米生态抗逆高产栽培技术研究  

Ecologically Adverse Resistant and High Yielding Cultivation Technique for the Corn in the Ravined Valley

作　　者：张定一[1] 王姣爱[1] 姬虎太[1] 党建友[1] 张虎[1] 王建军[1] 支虎明[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院小麦研究所,临汾041000

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2000年第4期50-59,共10页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家"九五"科技攻关项目黄土高原水土流失区农业综合发展技术研究第6专题--晋西残塬区高产型农业综合发展研究(96-004-05-06)的内容。

摘　　要：“九五”期间 ,我们以充分发挥沟谷地的生态资源优势和育壮苗、攻大穗、增粒重的玉米高产规律为结合点 ,研究与明确了沟谷地高产玉米的生理机制 ,组建了以秋耕起垄顶凌覆膜保墒、选用紧凑型“三大”玉米品种、施足底肥重攻拔节肥、中后期洪淤补灌等四项技术为核心的沟谷地玉米生态抗逆高产栽培技术体系 ,制定了针对性强、技术准确、便于操作、简单易行的规范化技术。经大旱的 1999年在河沟流域沟谷地大面积示范 ,18hm2沟谷地玉米平均单产 8142 .0 kg/ hm2 ,接近历史最高年 ,较临近的沟谷地 (对照田 )单产 3 75 0 kg/ hm2增加一倍多 ,更有 12 6 0 0kg/ hm2 高产典型的出现。实践证明这一栽培技术体系是沟谷地玉米实现高产。Physiological mechanism of high yielding corn in the ravined valley was studied. Based on the results, the technical regime of ecologically adverse resistant and high yielding cultivation for the corn in the ravined gully has been constructed. The major detailed techniques for the regime are ridging ploughing in autumn and film mulching during the thawing time in spring, adopting compact corn varieties with big ears and grains and adequately long growing stage, fertilizing adequately at seedtime and at jointing stage and irrigating with floodwater in the middle and late. The standardized techniques have also been established. In the exemplary trial in the drought year of 1999, the average yield of corn on 18 hm 2 of ravined valley reached up to 8 142.0 kg/hm 2, which was close to the highest record in the past years and had an advantage of 3 750 kg/hm 2 over the control. Some fields yielded up to 12 600 kg/hm 2. Production practice showed that the technical regime is a breakthrough measure to realize the high yielding or super high yielding aim.

关 键 词：沟谷地 玉米 生态抗逆 栽培技术 

分 类 号：S513.048[农业科学—作物学]