月壤撞击坑对探测器着陆性能影响研究  

Study on Influence of Impacted Craters on Landing Performance of Lunar Lander

作　　者：胡建国[1] 马大为[1] 乐贵高[1] 蔡德咏[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学机械工程学院 [2]71897部队

出　　处：《兵工学报》2013年第8期1046-1050,共5页Acta Armamentarii

摘　　要：探测器软着陆后的姿态是上升器月面稳定起飞的前提基础,研究月壤撞击坑给探测器着陆性能带来的影响对上升器月面稳定起飞具有重要意义。通过有限元法(FEM)模拟GRC-1型月壤的非线性力学特性,并与文献[13]中三轴试验结果对比,验证了仿真方法的有效性;在综合考虑月壤非线性、反推火箭残余应力、姿态控制力和重力的基础上,建立了探测器着陆过程动力学模型;以四腿悬架式着陆器为研究对象,研究了月壤撞击坑对探测器着陆后姿态的影响。结果表明:探测器着陆后的姿态角随撞击坑深度的增加而增大;若要保证上升器月面稳定起飞,撞击坑深度不能超过600 mm.The attitude of lunar lander after soft landing is a premise foundation of ascender＇s stable takeoff.The study on influence of impacted craters on landing performance of lunar lander has an important significance to ascender＇s stable take-off.The nonlinear mechanics characteristics of GRC-1 lunar soil are simulated by the finite element method（FEM）,and the effectiveness of the simulation method is verified by comparing the simulation results with the triaxial test results in Ref.[13].A dynamics model of lunar lander landing process is established based on the lunar soil nonlinearity,residual stress of retro-rocket,attitude control forces and gravity.Finally,the influence of impacted craters on the attitude of lunar lander after landing is studied by taking a four-legged hanging rack lander as a research object.The results show that the landing attitude angle increases with the increase in impacted crater depth,and the impacted crater depth should not exceed 600mm in order to ensure stable take-off of ascenders on the lunar surface.

关 键 词：航天器结构与设计 月壤 探测器 撞击坑 着陆姿态 非线性 本构模型 

分 类 号：V423.6[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]