新婚育龄妇女对免费孕前优生健康检查的知识、态度、行为调查  

Knowledge,attitude and practice of newly married childbearing women toward free preconception health check for eugenic

作　　者：王奇玲[1] 曾梅珍 郑瑞华 唐立新[1] 黄江涛[1] 徐珊珊[1] 陈容 李剑文 林亮 

机构地区：[1]广东省计划生育科学技术研究所,广州510600 [2]广东省惠州市惠城区人口和计划生育服务站 [3]广东省吴川县计划生育技术服务站

出　　处：《中国计划生育学杂志》2013年第9期599-602,共4页Chinese Journal of Family Planning

基　　金：广东省计划生育科技项目"孕前优生检查群众依从性研究"(20110201);广东省科技项目"惠州地区人口出生缺陷一级预防干预策略与评估研究"(2012B032000002)

摘　　要：目的：了解新婚育龄妇女的免费孕前优生健康检查相关知识、态度、行为（KAP）,为探索制定适宜高效的一级预防干预模式提供依据.方法：对2011年9月～2012年8月在吴川县和惠城区民政部门新婚登记的育龄女性进行出生缺陷一级预防和免费孕前优生健康检查的KAP调查.结果：1 178名新婚育龄妇女年龄25.19±3.34岁,71.39％妇女准备妊娠.83.4％的对象知道预防出生缺陷须从妊娠前开始准备；76.4％知道出生缺陷是由遗传与环境因素共同作用导致的；86.76％对象愿意参加免费孕前检查.关于孕前优生健康检查项目相关信息,调查对象对临床实验室检查了解最多,其次是健康检查,而关于地中海贫血、G6PD缺乏、其他遗传病筛查、优生四项筛查和免费咨询指导、健康教育和风险评估等内容了解较少.准备妊娠或已经妊娠妇女更希望享受免费优生检查；亲戚朋友参加过免费孕前优生健康检查的对象参与检查的意愿较强；化验结果的可靠性和保密性以及生育风险的评估等能增强对象参加免费孕前优生健康检查的意愿.结论：加强出生缺陷知识科普宣传和孕前保健,按需提供出生缺陷干预服务,改善计划生育技术服务水平,可提高目标人群孕前优生健康检查参与率.Objective：To explore the knowledge,attitude and practice （KAP） of newly married childbearing women toward the free preconception health check for eugenic to provide scientific basis for primary prevention of birth defect.Methods：A total of 1178 newly married childbearing women were surveyed on their KAP related to free preconception health check for eugenic in Wuchuan County and Huicheng District between September 2011 and August 2012.Results：The respondents were 25.19 ±3.34 years old and 71.39％ of them were planning to get a pregnancy.About 83.4％ knew the prevention of birth defects would begin before pregnancy and 76.4％ knew birth defects were caused by both genetic and environmental factors.About 86.76％ of them were willing to have a free preconception health check for eugenic.The respondents knew more about the clinical laboratory tests and physical examination and less about screening for thalassemia,glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and other genetic diseases as well as free counsel,health education and risk assessment.The free eugenics check was desired for those planning to get pregnant or already being pregnant or their friends had been participating in similar free checks.The factors,such as the reliability and confidentiality of the results of free checks and the addition of the risk assessment and other measures,could affect the respondents＇ willingness to participate in a free preconception health check for eugenic.Conclusion：It should be promoted for the scientific propaganda on knowledge of birth defects and preconception care in the primary prevention of birth defect.The participate rate would be increased if the prevention service is provided in line with the requirement and the technical services are improved in the family planning technical service institutions.

关 键 词：出生缺陷 一级预防 孕前优生健康检查 知识、态度、行为 新婚 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]