重庆市流动儿童计划免疫接种率及适龄接种率分析  

Analysis of vaccination coverage and age-appropriate immunization rate of migrant children in Chongqing City

作　　者：蒋莹[1] 尹慧[1] 袁雁飞[1] 曹望楠[1] 曾庆奇[1] 常春[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院社会医学与健康教育系,北京100191

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2013年第9期770-773,共4页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：世界卫生组织支持项目(CHN-11-EPI-005077)

摘　　要：目的 评价重庆市流动儿童一类疫苗覆盖率及适龄接种率.方法 在重庆市流动儿童集中的地区抽取1～6岁流动儿童243名和户籍儿童158名,调查5种一类疫苗接种情况,采用χ2检验比较接种率及合格率的差别,t检验和χ2检验分析不合格接种的影响因素.结果 除麻疹疫苗和全程接种率较低外,流动儿童与户籍儿童其他疫苗各剂次接种率均高于95％,且接种率差异均无统计学意义（均有P＞0.05）.但一类疫苗适龄接种率均比较低,最低的是卡介苗,流动儿童和户籍儿童分别为12.1％和8.9％,其次是麻疹疫苗（measles containing vaccine,MCV）,分别为68.6％和53.6％.流动儿童适龄接种率高于户籍儿童,但仅MCV的差异有统计学意义（χ2=8.07,P=0.004）.结论 流动儿童与户籍儿童麻疹疫苗接种率和适龄接种率均比较低,应采取针对性措施,提高麻疹疫苗接种率以及适龄接种率.Objective To evaluate the immunization coverage and age-appropriate rate of in immigrant children in Chongqing. Methods 243 immigrant children and 158 native children were selected in 4 communities. Demographic characteristics and immunization history of five vaccines were obtained, χ2 test was used to evaluate the difference of immunization rate between immigrant children and native children, t-test and χ2 test used to analyze influencing factors of unqualified vaeination. Results Except for measles containing vaccine （ MCV ） and full-course immunization rate coverage of other vaccines of immigrant children and native children were all above 95% , and no significant differences were seen between groups. The age-appropriate immunization rate was low among both immigrant children and native children, the lowest was bacilli calmette guerin（BCG）, 12. 1% and 8. 9% respectively, next was MCV, 68. 6% and 53.6% respectively. Age-appropriate rate of immigrant children was higher than native children, but significant difference was only seen in MCV （%2 = 8.07 ,P = 0. 004）. Conclusions Immunization status of immigrant children was not significantly worse than native chil- dren, and MCV coverage and age-appropriate rate was low in both groups. Interventions should be taken to improve MCV coverage and age-appropriate rate.

关 键 词：儿童 疫苗 接种 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学] R181[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]