江西省燃煤污染型氟中毒病区氟化物来源调查分析  

Investigation and analysis on the sources of fluoride in fluorosis areas by coal-burning pollution in Jiangxi Province

作　　者：李志宏[1] 刘玮[1] 熊小玲[2] 裘海清[1] 陈都[1] 万建平[1] 上官俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西省疾病预防控制中心地方病防治所,江西南昌330029 [2]南昌大学研究生院医学部,江西南昌330006

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2013年第9期800-802,共3页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：中央补助地方公共卫生专项资金地方病防治项目(2012)

摘　　要：目的 调查分析江西省燃煤污染型氟中毒病区氟化物的来源,为制定防治措施提供理论依据.方法 对调查地区8 ～12岁儿童采用Dean法进行氟斑牙普查,并采集调查地区饮用水、地表水、室内外空气、食物（大米）、煤、粘土进行氟含量的测定.结果 8～12岁儿童病区村氟斑牙检出率为34.12％ （58/170）,非病区村氟斑牙检出率为10.05％（37/368）,病区村与非病区村氟斑牙检出率差异有统计学意义（x2=44.67,P＜0.001）.8～ 12岁儿童病区村尿氟含量几何均数为1.07 mg/L,非病区村为0.74 mg/L,差异有统计学意义（t=3.71,P＜0.001）.病区村室内空气平均氟含量为0.056 mg/m3,而非病区村为0.015 mg/m3,且病区村室内空气氟含量高于非病区村（t=2.33,P=0.031）.病区村的原煤、蜂窝煤、拌煤粘土平均氟含量分别为296.08 mg/kg、327.11 mg/kg、935.56mg/kg,拌煤粘土氟含量最高达1 350.00 mg/kg,病区村原煤、蜂窝煤、拌煤粘土的氟含量高于非病区村,差异均有统计学意义（均有P＜0.05）.结论 江西省燃煤污染型氟中毒病区氟源主要是煤和拌煤粘土.Objective To investigate and analyze the sources of fluoride in fluorosis areas by coal-burning pollu- tion in Jiangxi Province, and provide evidence for making proper measures on prevention. Methods The dental fluorosis in children aged from 8 to 12 years were surveyed generally by the method of Dean in study areas. Meanwhile drinking water, surface water, indoor and outdoor air, food （rice） , coal and clay of the filled sites were collected and the fluorine contents of these samples were determined. Results The detection rate of dental fluorosis of children aged from 8 to 12 years in endemic areas was 34. 12% （58/170） , and the detection rate of dental fluorosis in non-endemic areas was 10.05% （37/368）. Detection rates between the two kinds of areas showed a significant difference （χ2 =44. 67,P 〈0. 001 ）. The geometric mean of children＇s urine fluorine content was 1.07mg/L in endemic areas and 0. 74 mg/L in non-endemic areas, there was statistically significant difference between the two groups（t = 3.71 ,P 〈0. 001 ）. The average fluorine contents of indoor air in endemic areas and non-endemic areas were 0. 056 mg/m3 and 0. 015 mg/m3, respectively; and the average fluorine content of indoor air in endemic areas was significantly higher than that in non-endemic areas （ t = 2. 33, P = 0. 031 ）. The average fluorine contents of raw coal, honeycomb briquette and coal clay in endemic areas were 296.08 mg/kg, 327. 11 mg/kg and 935. 56 mg/kg, respectively; and the highest fluorine content of coal clay was up to 1 350. 00 mg/kg. The fluorine content of raw coal, honeycomb briquette and coal clay in endemic areas were significantiy higher than that in non-endemic areas （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusions The fluorine sources in fluorosis areas by coal-burning pollution were mainly coal and coal clay in Jiangxi Province.

关 键 词：氟中毒 牙 氟化物 流行病学研究 

分 类 号：R599.5[医药卫生—内科学] R181.34[医药卫生—临床医学]