陕西、甘肃园林树木白蚁种类及为害情况  

Termite species and damage to urban trees in Shaanxi and Gansu provinces

作　　者：阴灵芳[1] 邢连喜[1] 苏晓红[1] 王凯[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北大学生命科学学院,西安710069

出　　处：《植物保护》2013年第4期151-155,共5页Plant Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31170363)

摘　　要：在陕西、甘肃白蚁分布区,对园林树木的白蚁种类及其为害情况进行了调查。结果显示,陕西、甘肃地区为害园林树木的白蚁种类共有3科5属12种,其中主要危害蚁种为尖唇散白蚁、黄胸散白蚁和圆唇散白蚁,次危害蚁种为陕西树白蚁和陇南树白蚁。陕西、甘肃受白蚁为害的树木共20种。3种主要危害蚁种为害的主要树种为杨树、刺槐、国槐、银杏、李树、柳树和构树。另外,柳树、杨树和刺槐也易遭陕西树白蚁和陇南树白蚁侵害。园林树木蚁害整体上不是很重,但局部区域或景点有些单一树种受害率达10%以上,有些甚至达到20%以上,受害率已与长江以南地区很接近,应引起相关部门的重视。A survey of species and damages of termite to urban trees in Shaanxi and Gansu provinces was conduc ted. The results showed that damages to urban trees in these areas were caused by 12 species of termites which belong to 5 genera and 3 families. Among them, the predominant species were Reticuliterrnes aculabialis, R. fla viceps and R. labralis, and the sub-prime species were Glyptotermes shaanxiensis and G. longnanensis. Twenty species of trees were found to be affected by termites in Shaanxi and Gansu provinces. Among them, Populus spp., Robinia pseudoacacia , Sophora japonica, Ginkgo biloba , Prunus salicia , Salix spp. and Broussonetia pap grifera appeared to be affected most seriously by the three predominant species of termites. Salix spp., Populus spp. and R. pseudoacacia were damaged mainly by G. shaanxiensis and G. longnanensis. Although the overall damage was not very serious, the damage rate of termite to some kinds of trees was high, up to 10%, even more than 20% in some local areas or scenery spots, which was similar to that occurred in the southern areas of the Yangtze river. More attentions should be paid to the termite damage of urban trees in northern areas of China by the related administrations.

关 键 词：园林树木 白蚁 为害 

分 类 号：S436.85[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]