涪江流域绵阳段水质锰污染事件应急处理分析  

Analysis on the Emergency Management of Manganese Pollution of Fujiang Water Source in Mianyang City

作　　者：周云[1] 王莉[2] 岳蕴瑶[1] 李永清[1] 张代友[1] 

机构地区：[1]绵阳市疾病预防控制中心 [2]中国循证医学中心

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2013年第4期342-345,349,共5页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

摘　　要：目的针对2011年7月因涪江上游锰矿渣污染致绵阳段水质锰污染事件,系统分析其应急处理方法、流程与效果,以期为未来类似水污染事件应急处理提供参考依据。方法收集绵阳市疾控中心、绵阳市水务集团、绵阳市环境监测站及市政府的统计数据、报表、会议纪要等,采用描述性分析应急处置措施、江河水、各水厂出入厂水动态变化情况。结果因电解锰尾矿引发的涪江绵阳段水质污染,导致江河水锰、铁、氨氮超标,锰含量峰值达29.1 mg/L,造成饮用水危机。绵阳市政府采取了应急措施,及时公开信息、调集7 800 t饮用水解决居民饮水困难、治理污染源、引入4 000余万方清洁水稀释污染水体、动态监测水质,实时公开监测结果。经过66 h紧急处置,恢复正常供水,解除应急状态。结论有效的多部门联动机制和开展动态监测、信息实时公开和共享、多途径处置污染源和污染物可迅速、有效控制水质污染事件。Objectives To systematically analyze the measures, procedures, and effects of emergency response to water source pollution induced by the leakage of manganese slag to the upstream of Fujiang river in July, 2011, so as to provide evidence for the emergency management of water pollution in the future. Methods The data from statistical charts, reports and meeting minutes of the Center for Disease Control, Water Affairs Group, Environmental Monitoring Station and the Municipal Government of Mianyang City were collected, and the emergency treatment measures and the dynamic change of water quality from water stations were reported by using descriptive analysis. Results The concentrations of manganese, iron and ammonia nitrogen in water samples collected from Fujiang river at Mianyang section were beyond the normal level, which was induced by the leakage of electrolytic manganese tailings during rainstorm; the peak concentration of manganese was 29. lmg/L. A series of measures in response to the emergency of water source pollution were taken by the municipal government of Mianyang, including timely disclosing information, providing 7 800 tons of cleaning drinking water to residents, controlling sources of pollution, diluting the polluted water source with more than 4 000 m3 of clean water, dynamically monitoring water quality, and presenting monitoring results timely to the public. After 66 hours of treatment, the water supply was recovered and the state of emergency was lifted. Conclusions The effective multi- sectional linkage mechanism, dynamic monitoring, information sharing, real-time information publication and multi-channel responses could be used to control the sudden, unexpected water pollution incidents quickly and effectively.

关 键 词：锰污染 水污染 应急反应 应急管理 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]