乌昌地区日照时数变化特征及其对设施农业的影响  

Variation of Sunshine Hours and Its Effect on Facility Agriculture in Urumqi-Changji Area

作　　者：宫恒瑞[1] 崔玉玲[1] 郑玉萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市气象局,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2013年第18期207-209,219,共4页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：公益性行业(气象)科研专项经费项目(GYHY201106043)

摘　　要：选取1981—2010年30年的乌昌地区15个气象站的日照时数资料,利用气候倾向率法和Mann-Kendall突变检验法分析了日照时数的变化特征。结果表明:仅高山带在30年间日照时数呈增加趋势,气候倾向率为31.1 h/10 a,中、低山带和平原区均呈下降趋势,气候倾向率分别为-59.3、-27.4、-74.1 h/10 a。四季中冬季的日照时数减少最为显著,平均值达到-24.4 h/10 a,秋、夏、春3季日照时数的变化趋势依次减弱。突变检验分析得:仅低山带1987年日照时数发生了突变减少,其他区日照时数均未发生突变。冬、春季是是设施农业生产最需要光照的时间,也是乌昌地区日照时数减少最为明显的时期,因此乌昌地区近30年日照时数的变化对设施农业生产的不利影响较为明显。Selected 15 weather stations＇ sunshine hours data from 1981 to 2010 at Urumqi-changji areas.Climate tendency rate and Mann- Kendall test method were used to analyze the change characteristics of sunshine hours. The results showed that only the mountain beh＇s sunshine hours in 30 years showed an increasing trend,the climate trend rate was 31.1 h/10 a.In the lower mountain and plain area,it showed a decreasing trend, climate tendency rate were -59.3 h/10 a ,-27.4 h/10 a and -74.1 h/10 a. The reduce number of winter sunshine hours was the most obvious ,the average value reached -24.4 }1/10 a. Change trends of antumn,summer,spring sunshine hours were gradually decreasing.Mutation analysis showed that only lower mountain belt in 1987 sunshine hours mutationally reduced,sunshine hours of other areas showed no mutation. Winter and spring were the facilities of agricultural production which were also in the most need of illumination time,but sunshine hours of Urumqi-Changji area decreased mostly in winter and spring, so the sunshine hours＇ changes of Urumqi-Changji area in 30 years had significant adverse effects on facility agriculture.

关 键 词：日照时数 变化特征 设施农业 乌昌地区 

分 类 号：P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]