资源型地区衰败与转型的机理分析——基于“资源共享”视角的检视  

Mechanism Analysis of Resource Area Decline and Transformation:From the perspective of “resource sharing”

作　　者：王玉海[1] 孙燕娜[1] 田建国[1] 索成[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学资源学院,北京100875 [2]北京师范大学环境学院,北京100875

出　　处：《北京师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2013年第5期133-141,共9页Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"区域发展战略中的资源共享问题研究"(11BJL075);国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目"城镇低碳发展关键技术集成研究与示范"(2011BAJ07B00);北京师范大学自主科研重点基金"资源枯竭型地区转型的低碳发展区域规范研究"(2009AB-2)

摘　　要：资源型地区作为传统高碳经济发展模式的典型代表,其衰败与转型是一个日趋严重的国际性问题。既有研究强调资源的自然类别属性与地区经济增长的关系,以自然资源属性来界定"资源性"地区,而且把衰败与转型割裂开来看待。这种认识因为缺失对资源背后共享特性及由其决定着的"资源租金"作用的发掘,从而难以对一个地方的兴盛衰落作出恰当的分析。由于对共享资源的利用不当,从而导致了"公共地悲剧"式的资源型地区衰落,对共享资源的利用分两个层次:攫取"资源租金"与赚取"合作剩余","资源租金"依存于资源共享的"外在性存在",是由资源共享客观的不可分割性所决定的,而"合作剩余"内生于组织化的分工合作,借助于人们之间的分工合作关系,联系于"内生性合作资源"。要实现资源型地区的转型,就要在收益来源上实现由"资源租金"向"合作剩余"的转变。与此相对应,产业基础方面要按照资源型产业——接续性产业——替代性产业循序转变,实现"小转型"到"大转型"的跨越。而政府的作用是在不同阶段提供共享性资源,以鼓励支持地方经济主体有效合作,并积极培植和调动本地企业发展新兴产业。The decline and transformation of resource area is an increasingly serious problem international wide. Previous researches emphasized the relationship between the classification attribute of natural resources and the regional economy growth by defining ＂resource＂ area in terms of natural resources, and hence separated the decline from their transformation. Such an understanding is difficult in making a proper analysis of a local area for its prosperity and decline. Improper utilizations of shared resources has led to the decline of resource area in a way of ＂public tragedy＂. It is therefore important to pay enough attention to the research of ＂resource sharing＂ and ＂resource rent＂. It is found that there are two levels of utihzation of shared resources： seizing ＂resource rent＂ and earning ＂cooperative surplus＂. ＂Resource rent＂ depends on the ＂external existence＂ of resource sharing, and decided by the inseparability of resource sharing reality. ＂Cooperative surplus＂ is burn to labor division in organization, appealing to the division and cooperation relationship of the relevant people and associating itself with the ＂internal cooperative resource＂. To realize the transformation, it is obligatory to fulfill the change from ＂resource rent＂ to ＂cooperative surplus＂ on income source. In correspondence, industrial basis should perform gradual replacive transformation according to the types of resources to achieve continuous production and hence to make the change from ＂smaller types＂ to ＂larger types＂. However, the role of the governments should provide shared resources at different stages and at the same time cultivate and deploy local enterprises to develop new industries.

关 键 词：资源 共享资源 资源型地区 衰败与转型 产业转型 

分 类 号：F12[经济管理—世界经济]