电化学应用(Ⅰ)——铅酸蓄电池的发展及其应用  

The applications of electrochemistry (Ⅰ)—The development and applications of lead-acid batteries

作　　者：廖斯达[1] 贾志军[1] 马洪运[1] 吴旭冉[1] 王保国[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学化学工程系,北京100084

出　　处：《储能科学与技术》2013年第5期514-521,共8页Energy Storage Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21076112;21276134);国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(2012AA051203)

摘　　要：铅酸蓄电池(以下简称铅酸电池)从问世至今已有150多年的历史,因其成本低、易于制造、型号多、易维护或免维护、浮充寿命长、使用安全、单电池电压高等独特优势,长期以来被广泛应用于社会生产和生活的多种场合。铅酸电池技术发展经历了漫长的历史过程,本文通过回顾铅酸电池的发展历史,从铅酸电池原理确立和技术演化两个方面进行讨论,从铅酸电池使用到回收的全生命周期过程进行全面评价与分析。在此基础上,展望铅酸电池的未来发展方向和应用前景,为新型电化学储能技术的提供借鉴。Lead-acid battery was invented before 150 years,because of its unique advantages,such as low cost,ready availability,many types,free maintenance,good float service,safety,high-voltage and high-rate,its applications covers a wide range of fields in industry and daily life.These advantages are formed through long-term historical development.In this paper,the history of lead-acid battery was reviewed,introducing the invention processes and applications of lead-acid battery,the recycle of lead-acid battery was also reviewed based on whole life-time analysis.Finally,the new applications of lead-acid batteries were prospected for the future RD,the lead-acid battery can benefit the development of new electrochemical energy storage systems.

关 键 词：铅酸蓄电池 电化学储能 发展史 应用 

分 类 号：N092[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]