缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏非对称不稳定注水研究  

Research on Asymmetric Unstable Water Injection in Fractured Carbonate Reservoirs

作　　者：任文博[1,2] 陈小凡[2] 

机构地区：[1]中石化西北油田分公司塔河采油三厂,轮台841604 [2]西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室,成都610500

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2013年第27期8120-8125,共6页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2011ZX050102003)资助

摘　　要：非对称不稳定注水广泛应用于强非均质和裂缝型砂岩油藏中,但由于大尺度碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏地质构造和流体流动规律的复杂性、特殊性,在大尺度碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏运用较少。在深入调研国内外周期性注水理论、注水机理和影响因素、吸入过程非平衡状态、砂岩油藏中非对称不稳定注水理论及示踪剂监测技术等基础上,从非对称不稳定注水作用机理出发,结合碳酸盐岩缝洞油藏地质构造的特殊性,针对由于地质、流体参数难以有效获取而导致的不能确切计算合理的注水参数的难题,先后对注入量和注水周期和示踪剂监测的原理和意义进行了研究。研究表明,对于缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏非对称不稳定注水,在注水初期可利用示踪剂监测峰值及衰竭时间来近似确定合理的停注时间,并进一步判断水窜风险;在注水后期,结合示踪剂突破时间和受效井生产动态进行动态调整可取的良好的效果。最后笔者通过实例分析进一步论证了非对称不稳定注水对大尺度缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏有很好的适应性。Nowadays, asymmetric unstable water injection has been widely used in highly heterogeneous and fractured sandstone reservoir. However, due to the complexity of geological structure and fluid flow law, it is rarely used in large-scale carbonate fissure cave reservoir. As a foundation for the flowing study, an in-depth investigation is first done on papers both at home and abroad concerning the theory of cyclic water injection, the mechanism and influencing factors of asymmetric unstable water injection and the tracer detecting technology. To address the problem of determining reasonable water injection parameters for carbonate fissure cave reservoir whose geological and fluid parameters are hard to obtained, the water injection volume, cycle and the tracer detecting principle are selected as the main study objectives. Starting from asymmetric unstable water injection law, combined with the characters of carbonate fissure cave reservoir, it is put forward that, in the early stage of water injection, the tracer monitoring peak value and depletion time can be used to determine the reasonable injection ceasing time and to further predict the channeling risk; in the later stage, it is advisable to make dynamic adjustment based on the tracer breakthrough time and effective well production performance to achieve good results. Finally, by referring to a field case, it is well confirmed that, compared with continuous and symmetric water injection, asymmetric unstable water flooding shows a better performance for the fractured -vuggy carbonate reservoir.

关 键 词：塔河油田 碳酸盐岩油藏 非对称不稳定注水 单元注水 

分 类 号：TE357.13[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]