平衡施肥与常规施肥对冬作马铃薯肥效的比较  

A Comparison of Fertilizer Effects Between Balanced and Conventional Fertilization on Winter Potato

作　　者：张新明[1] 伍尤国[2] 徐鹏举[2] 官利兰[1] 陈洪 曹先维[2] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广东广州510642 [2]华南农业大学园艺学院,广东广州510642 [3]惠东县生产力促进中心,广东惠东516300

出　　处：《华南农业大学学报》2013年第4期475-479,共5页Journal of South China Agricultural University

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系专项资金资助(CARS-10-ES14);广东省科技计划项目(2009B020409003;2010B020315022);国家科技支撑计划(2007BAD89B14);惠东县委托科技项目

摘　　要：通过田间试验,设置了平衡施肥和常规施肥及相应的缺肥试验、氯化钾替代硫酸钾处理,研究了不同施肥处理对冬作马铃薯的肥效.结果表明:平衡施肥处理对冬作马铃薯的综合效应优于常规施肥处理,主要表现为商品薯产量、经济效益、磷素表观利用率和维生素的质量分数等参数分别比常规处理高4 451 kg/hm2、8 984元/hm2、33.1%和42.8 mg/kg.用氯化钾替代硫酸钾,产量、经济效益和氮素表观利用率会降低,特别是商品薯产量和氮素表观利用率显著下降(P<0.05).建议在供试条件下选用硫酸钾作为冬作马铃薯的主要钾源效果更好.Field experiments of treatments concerning balanced and conventional fertilization , including lack of N or P or K fertilizer , using potassium chloride to replace potassium sulphate were set up .The re-sults showed that the comprehensive effects of balanced fertilization were better than those of conventional fertilization;balanced fertilization had a significantly higher marketable potato yield , 4 454 kg/hm2 , eco-nomic profit , 8 984 RMB Yuan/hm2 , apparent phosphorus element use efficiency reaching 33.1% and Vc content, 42.8 mg/kg.When using potassium chloride to replace potassium sulphate , the yield, eco-nomic profit and apparent nitrogen-element use efficiency （ ANEUE ） would be lower , in particular mar-ketable potato yield and ANEUE decreased significantly at 0.05 level.It was suggested that under the conditions tested , potassium sulphate should be selected as the main potassium source .

关 键 词：冬作马铃薯 平衡施肥 肥效 经济效益 钾肥种类 

分 类 号：S151.9[农业科学—土壤学]