安徽铜陵叶山次生阔叶混交林主要树种的生态位特征分析  

Analysis on niche characteristics of main tree species of secondary broad-leaved mixed forest in Yeshan of Tongling of Anhui Province

作　　者：黄庆丰[1] 吴开华[1] 唐雪海[1] 吴文友[1] 王雷宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学林学与园林学院,安徽合肥230036

出　　处：《植物资源与环境学报》2013年第3期45-51,共7页Journal of Plant Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31070569);国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD38B0702)

摘　　要：采用样方调查法研究了安徽铜陵叶山次生阔叶混交林不同坡位5个样带中20个主要树种的重要值,并对其中14个主要树种的生态位宽度(包括Levins和Hurlbert生态位宽度)、生态位相似比例和生态位重叠值进行了计算和分析。结果表明:各样带中的树种组成明显不同,麻栎(Quercus acutissima Carr.)的重要值在Q2样带中最高,而马尾松(Pinus massoniana Lamb.)的重要值则随着海拔的升高逐渐增大并在Q5样带中达到最高;5个样带中麻栎的重要值总和最高,达195.481,说明麻栎在该次生阔叶混交林中占有明显优势。该群落主要树种麻栎、苦槠〔Castanopsis sclerophylla(Lindl.)Schott.〕、白栎(Quercus fabri Hance)、青冈栎〔Cyclobalanopsis glauca(Thunb.)Oerst.〕、石栎〔Lithocarpus glaber(Thunb.)Nakai〕和山鸡椒〔Litsea cubeba(Lour.)Pers.〕的Levins生态位宽度值分别为0.666、0.664、0.653、0.609、0.594和0.541,Hurlbert生态位宽度值分别为0.856、0.862、0.756、0.613、0.717和0.514,这些主要树种的2项生态位宽度指标均较大且排列顺序基本一致,进一步说明麻栎为该次生阔叶混交林的优势种。该群落中,生态位宽度高的树种间生态位相似比例和生态位重叠值都较高;生态位相似比例在0.3以上的种对有58个,占总种对数的63.7%;生态位重叠值在0.4以上的种对有53个,占总种对数的58.2%,说明该群落尚未演替至稳定的常绿阔叶林群落状态。By plot investigation method, important value of twenty main tree species in five sample belts with different slope positions of secondary broad-leaved mixed forest in Yeshan of Tongling of Anhui Province was researched, and niche breadth （including Levins＇ and Hurlbert＇ s niche breadths） , niche proportional similarity and niche overlap value of fourteen main tree species among them were calculated and analyzed. The results show that the tree species composition of different sample belts is obviously various, the important value of Quercus acutissima CarT. in Q： sample belt is the highest, while that of Pinus massoniana Lamb. increases gradually with rising of altitude and reaches the highest value in Q5 sample belt; the total important value of Q. acutissima in five sample belts is the highest with a value of 195. 481, meaning that Q. forest. In this community, acutissima has a dominant position in secondary broad-leaved mixed Levins＇ niche breadth value of Q. acutissima, Castanopsis sclerophylla （Lindl.） Schott., Quercus fabri Hance, Cyclobalanopsis glauca （Thunb.） Oerst., Lithocarpus glaber （Thunb.） Nakai and Litsea cubeba （Lour.） Pers. is 0. 666, 0. 664, 0. 653, 0. 609, 0. 594 and 0. 541, respectively, and their Hurlbert＇ s niche breadth value is 0.856,0. 862, 0. 756, 0. 613, 0. 717 and 0. 514, respectively, the two niche breadth indexes of these main tree specieis all are higher and theirarrangement order is essentially consistent, further meaning that Q. acuttsstma s dominant species oI this secondary broad-leaved mixed forest. In this community, niche proportional similarity and niche overlap value among tree species with higher niche breadth all are higher; there are 58 species-pairs with niche proportional similarity of above O. 3, accounting for 63.7% of the total species-pair number; there are 55 species-pairs with niche overlap value of above O. 4, accounting for 58.2% of the total species-pair number, meaning that this community has not been evolving to steady evergreen

关 键 词：安徽铜陵 次生阔叶混交林 重要值 生态位宽度 生态位相似比例 生态位重叠值 

分 类 号：Q948.15[生物学—植物学]