对外籍与国内患者护理服务需求认知的调查  

Investigation of cognition on nursing service demands in Chinese inpatients and foreign inpatients

作　　者：姜金霞[1] 彭幼清[2] 沈静之[3] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学附属第十人民医院急诊科,上海200072 [2]同济大学附属东方医院护理部,上海200120 [3]同济大学附属东方医院急诊科,上海200120

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2013年第25期3033-3037,共5页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：2010年国家科技支撑计划子课题（2009BAI77B05）

摘　　要：目的 探讨国内住院患者与外籍患者对护理服务需求的认知差异.方法 采用自制住院患者护理服务需求调查问卷调查300例国内患者与300例外籍患者对护理服务需求的认知情况.结果 不同文化背景患者需求呈现多元性与差异性,外籍患者爱与归属需求（15.72±1.86）分、认知需求（33.18±5.12）分、自我实现需求（18.54 ±2.28）分,均低于国内患者；国内患者生理需求（68.18±4.76）分、尊重需求（57.56±6.91）分、审美需求（28.71±3.01）分,均低于外籍患者,差异均有统计学意义（t值分别为7.49,18.19,2.59,-5.35,-7.58,-2.58；P＜0.05）；安全需求方面外籍患者与国内患者间差异无统计学意义（t=0.92,P＞0.05）；在生理需求、爱与归属需求、尊重需求、认知需求、审美需求、自我实现需求方面的具体项目,国内患者与外籍患者对此类需求的认知差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.结论 护理服务应以不同文化背景患者的实际多元需求为导向,并将文化多样性和差异性融入到护理工作中,以全球化的观点提供基于科学知识和人文关怀的健康照护.Objective To survey and compare the differences of cognition on nursing service demands between Chinese inpatients and foreign inpatients.Methods To conduct a questionnaire survey of cognition on nursing service demands in 300 Chinese inpatients and 300 foreign inpatients by using self-designed questionnaire on nursing service demands of inpatients.Results The demands of patients from different cultural backgrounds were diversified and differentiated.The scores of love and belongingness needs,cognition needs and self-actualization needs in foreign patients were （15.72 ± 1.86）,（33.18 ± 5.12）,and （18.54 ± 2.28）,respectively,and all of them were less than that in Chinese patients; while the scores of biological and physiological needs,esteem needs and aesthetic needs in foreign patients [（68.18 ±4.76）,（57.56 ±6.91）,（28.71 ± 3.01）,respectively] were more than that in Chinese patients; the differences were statistically significant （t =7.49,18.19,2.59,-5.35,-7.58,-2.58,respectively; P 〈 0.05）.There were no significant difference between inpatients in two groups in safety needs （t =0.92,P 〉 0.05） ; while there were statistical significance in cognition of biological and physiological needs,love and belongingness needs,esteem needs,cognitive needs,aesthetic needs and self-actualization needs between Chinese and foreign inpatients （P 〈 0.01）.Conclusions Nursing service should be oriented to the diverse demands of patients from different cultural backgrounds,in order to effectively apply cultural diversity and differences in nursing and provide individualized care based on scientific knowledge and human caring.

关 键 词：住院患者 护理需求 跨文化护理 国内患者 外籍患者 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]