Water balance estimates of ten greatest lakes in China using ICESat and Landsat data  

作　　者：ZHANG GuoQing XIE HongJie YAO TanDong KANG ShiChang 

机构地区：[1]Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environmental Changes and Land Surface Processes,Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences [2]Department of Geological Sciences,East China Institute of Technology [3]Laboratory for Remote Sensing and Geoinformatics, University of Texas at San Antonio,San Antonio, Texas 78249, USA

出　　处：《Chinese Science Bulletin》2013年第31期3815-3829,共15页

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41190081);the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2011M500405)

摘　　要：湖水平和区域变化对地区性的气候变化敏感并且能被用来间接地估计湖的水平衡。在这研究，在中国的 10 个最大的湖， 1000 km2 或更大，被检验在从在 2003 和 2009 之间记录的 ICESat 和 Landsat 数据分别地导出的湖水平和区域决定变化。湖水平和在西藏的高原( TP )和在东北中国的克辛凯·莱克的 Selin 公司， Nam 公司，和金海·莱克的区域的时间系列展出一个增加的趋势与在湖水平( 0.69 m/a )显示出最快的上升的 Selin 公司，区域( 32.59 km2/a )，和在 10 之中的体积( 1.25 km3/a )检验了湖。在北中国的干旱、半干旱的区域的 Bosten 和 Hulun 湖在湖水平和区域显示出衰落，与显示出在湖水平(0.43 m/a ) 和显示出最大的区域收缩(35.56 km2/a ) 的胡伦·莱克的最大的减少的博斯顿·莱克一起。然而，没有任何明显的趋势，在长江盆的中间降低活动范围的 Dongting， Poyang， Taihu，和 Hongze 湖介绍季节的可变性。湖水平和区域为 Selin 公司， Nam 公司， Qinghai， Poyang， Hulun，和 Bosten 湖显示出强壮的关联(R 2 > 0.80 ) 并且为 Taihu， Hongze，和 Xingkai 湖和为东方东廷·莱克(0.37 ) 的弱关联(0.70 ) 。湖水平变化和水体积变化在为所有湖的很好的同意(R 2 > 0.98 ) 。10 个湖的水平衡根据湖水平和区域变化被导出，与分别地显示出 9.08， 4.07， 2.88，和 1.09 km3 的积极的水预算的 Selin 公司， Nam 公司， Qinghai，和 Xingkai 湖。分别地， Bosten 和 Hulun 湖显示出 3.01 和 4.73 km3 的否定预算，沿着长江的四个湖不显示出明显的变化。对在这四个湖的湖水平和区域变化的可能的解释也被讨论。这研究建议遥感能为估计湖水平衡作为一个快、有效的工具服务的那颗卫星。Lake level and area variations are sensitive to regional climate changes and can be used to indirectly estimate water balances of lakes. In this study, 10 of the largest lakes in China, 1000 km2 or larger, are examined to determine changes in lake level and area derived respectively from ICESat and Landsat data recorded between 2003 and 2009. The time series of lake level and area of Selin Co, Nam Co, and Qinghai Lake in the Tibetan Plateau （TP） and Xingkai Lake in northeastern China exhibit an increasing trend, with Selin Co showing the fastest rise in lake level （0.69 m/a）, area （32.59 km2/a）, and volume （1.25 km3/a） among the 10 examined lakes. Bosten and Hulun lakes in the arid and semiarid region of northern China show a decline in both lake level and area, with Bosten Lake showing the largest decrease in lake level （-0.43 m/a） and Hulun Lake showing the largest area shrinkage （-35.56 kmZ/a）. However, Dongting, Poyang, Taihu, and Hongze lakes in the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin pre- sent seasonal variability without any apparent tendencies. The lake level and area show strong correlations for Selin Co, Nam Co, Qinghai, Poyang, Hulun, and Bosten lakes （R2 〉0.80） and for Taihu, Hongze, and Xingkai lakes （~0.70） and weak correlation for East Dongting Lake （0.37）. The lake level changes and water volume changes are in very good agreement for all lakes （R2 〉 0.98）. Water balances of the 10 lakes are derived on the basis of both lake level and area changes, with Selin Co, Nam Co, Qinghai, and Xingkai lakes showing positive water budgets of 9.08, 4.07, 2.88, and 1.09 km3, respectively. Bosten and Hulun lakes show nega- tive budgets of -3.01 and -4.73 km3, respectively, and the four lakes along the Yangtze River show no obvious variations. Possi- ble explanations for the lake level and area changes in these four lakes are also discussed. This study suggests that satellite remote sensing could serve as a fast and effective tool for estimating lake water bala

关 键 词：中国东北地区 湖泊水位 卫星数据 陆地卫星 水平衡 半干旱地区 博斯腾湖 估算 

分 类 号：P343.3[天文地球—水文科学] U175[天文地球—地球物理学]