楼梯井顶部开闭状态对烟气运动的影响  

Effects of Top Vent State on Smoke Movement in Stairwell

作　　者：李一帆[1] 原向勇[1] 纪杰[1] 孙金华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室,合肥230027

出　　处：《燃烧科学与技术》2013年第5期464-472,共9页Journal of Combustion Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)资助项目(2012;CB719704);中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金资助项目(WK2320000014)

摘　　要：通过小尺寸楼梯井火灾烟气实验,研究了楼梯井顶层通风口开闭状态、着火房间补风口面积、油盆到楼梯井中心线的距离对楼梯井顶部温度分布的影响,以及着火房间补风口的气体流动情况.选取油盆中心到楼梯井中心线的距离为特征长度,根据理论推导公式和实验数据,对楼梯井内羽流前锋的上升速度进行了研究.结果表明,在封闭楼梯井中,羽流上升时间与高度的1.298次方成正比,在开放楼梯井中,羽流上升时间与高度的0.784,5次方成正比.In this paper, to study the smoke movement in a stairwell, a set of experiments were conducted by vary- ing the pool size, top vent state, bottom vent size and oil pan position in a 1/3 scaled 12-layer-stairwell building model. The influence of stack effect on the top vent temperature and air flow state through bottom vent was discussed. In addition, the rising characteristics of fire-induced buoyant plumes in stairwells were also investigated. Results show that the time for the front of a buoyant plume to reach a given height from a fire source is inversely proportional to the 1/3 power of the heat release rate, but proportional to the 0.7845 and 1.298 power of the height in the stairwell with top vent open and closed, respectively.

关 键 词：高层建筑 楼梯井 烟气羽流 烟囱效应 

分 类 号：X928.7[环境科学与工程—安全科学]