神经科首诊86例中毒住院患儿分析  

Analysis of 86 cases of hospitalized poisoned children with first diagnosis in neurological department

作　　者：姜亚平[1] 李红娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安市儿童医院,陕西西安710003

出　　处：《中国妇幼健康研究》2013年第4期577-578,共2页Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research

摘　　要：目的对入住神经科中毒患儿的病案调查分析,提高临床对此类病人的甄别并给与及时的诊治。方法采用回顾性分析,根据药物中毒的诊断,检索西安市儿童医院的病案综合管理系统,并调阅符合药物中毒86例神经科住院患儿病例,对患儿年龄、性别、户籍、症状和发病原因进行单因素和多因素分析。结果 86例病人均出现不同程度的神经系统损害的表现,其中因医源性所致32例(37.21%),误服26例(30.23%),服药不详28例(32.56%),经治疗均痊愈出院。男孩(54例,占62.79%)发生药物中毒的比例明显高于女孩,男童5岁以上组和5岁以下组中毒人数均多于女童,有显著性差异(x^2=5.50,P<0.05)。农村患儿74例(86.05%),城市患儿12例(13.95%),不同地域儿童中毒原因不同(x^2=5.04,P<0.05)。结论 大力开展儿童安全知识教育,加强留守儿童的监护,提高基层医生的职业水平,提高对药物中毒的诊断及护理水平。Objective To analyze the medical records of poisoned children hospitalized in neurological department, so as to improve the clinical screening, diagnosis and timely treatment for such patients. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted. Based on the diagnosis of drug poisoning, the integrated management system of Xi＇an Children＇s Hospital was retrieved, and the medical records of 86 cases suffering drug poison and hospitalized in neurological department were checked. Children＇s age, gender, household registration, symptoms and the causes of the disease were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis. Results Nervous system damage of various degree occurred in all of 86 cases, including 32 cases （ 37.21% ） for iatrogenic cause, 26 cases （ 30.23% ） for drug mistaking and 28 cases （30.23%） for unknown medication. All of the cases were cured and discharged. The proportion of medication poison in boys（54, 62.79% ） was remarkably higher than that in girls, the numbers of poisoned boys both in the group of over 5 years and the group of under 5 years were larger than those in girls. The differences were significant （X2 = 5.50, P 〈 0.05 ）. There were 74 cases in rural area （86.05%） and 12 cases in urban area（ 13.95% ）. The causes were different in different areas （X2 = 5.04, P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion Safety knowledge education should be carried out vigorously among children, and guardianship should be strengthened for left-behind children. Meanwhile, the occupational level of physicians for primary care and the diagnosis and nursing level on medication poison need to be improved.

关 键 词：中毒 药物 儿童 神经系统 

分 类 号：R725[医药卫生—儿科]