青海三江源地区小型兽类体外寄生蚤多样性调查  

Diversity investigation on small Mammals' in vitro parasitic fleas in Qinghai Sanjiangyuan region

作　　者：郑谊[1] 魏荣杰[1] 马英[1] 李超[1] 赵小龙[1] 罗军[1] 李海龙[1] 熊浩明[1] 王雪[1] 魏绍振[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海省地方病预防控制所,青海西宁811602

出　　处：《国外医学（医学地理分册）》2013年第3期161-164,171,共5页Foreign Medical Sciences：Section of Medgeography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.3106279);青海省(应用)基础研究计划资助项目(No.2011-Z-711)

摘　　要：目的了解三江源地区寄生蚤类的栖息环境特征与蚤类群落结构的关系。方法选用铗夜法,辅之以弓捕和枪击。结果本次调查从青海三江源区内不同生境中检获小兽体外寄生蚤954匹,隶4总科6科16属32种。高寒草甸生境中以哗倍蚤指名亚种为主,占45%;高寒沼泽草甸以细钩盖蚤为主,占48.65%;高山草原以斧形盖蚤为主,占28.92%;灌丛以棕形额蚤指名亚种为主,占22.29%;农田居民区主要是棕形额蚤指名亚种,占75%。甘肃鼠兔体外寄生蚤群落的多样性指数(1.90)最高,其优势种为长鬃双蚤,其次是朝鲜姬鼠和甘肃鼢鼠体外寄生蚤群落的多样性指数,分别为1.58和1.51,其他鼠体外寄生蚤多样性指数均较低。结论通过青海三江源区内小型兽类体外寄生蚤生物多样性调查,来监管和保护源头区域物种多样性,为病媒性疾病防制提供参考依据。Objective To understand the relationship between parasitic flea＇s habitat＇s environment characteristics and the community structure in Sanjiangyuan region. Methods Trap-night method combined with bowing and shooting. Results This survey seized the little beasts＇ in vitro parasitic fleas 954 in Sanjiangyuan region, belonged to 4 general families 6 families 16 genera and 32 species. In alpine meadow habitat,it was given priority to Amphalius clarus clarus, accounted for 45%. In alpine swamp meadow, it mainly existed Callopsylla sparsilis, accounted for 48.65%. In Alpine grassland, it mainly existed Callopsylla dolabris, accounted for 28. 92%. Brushwood was given priority to Frontopsylla spadix spadix, 22.29%. Residential area in farmland mainly existed Frontopsylla spadix spadix,75 Y0. The community diversity index（1.90）for Gansu pikas＇ in vitro parasitic fleas was highest. Its dominant species was Amphipsylla longispina, followed by Apodemus peninsulae and Gansu zokor＇ in vitro parasitic fleas, respectively 1. 58 and 1. 51, other indexs for other rats＇ in vitro parasitic fleas were low. ConclusiOnS Based on the preliminary diversity investigation on small mammals＇ in vitro parasitic fleas in Qinghai Sanjiangyuan region,we could regulate and protect the species diversity in the source region, and provide reference basis for vectors disease prevention.

关 键 词：小型兽类 寄生蚤 三江源地区 多样性调查 

分 类 号：R254.8[医药卫生—中医内科学]