Photosynthetic Characteristics of Two Superhigh-yield Hybrid Rice  

超高产杂交稻光合特性的研究(英文)

作　　者：王强[1] 张其德 蒋高明 卢从明[1] 匡廷云[1] 吴爽[2] 李成荃[2] 焦德茂[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所光合作用基础研究开放实验室,北京100093 [2]安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所,合肥230031 [3]江苏省农业科学院遗传生理研究所,南京210014

出　　处：《Acta Botanica Sinica》2000年第12期1285-1288,共4页Acta Botanica Sinica（植物学报：英文版）

基　　金：The State Key Basic Research and Development Plan(G1998010100);The Innovative Foundation of Laboratory of Photosynthesis Basic Research,Insitute of Botany,The Chinese Academy of Sciences

摘　　要：The photosynthetic functions and the sensitivity to photoinhibition were compared between two superhigh_yield hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.) Liangyoupeijiu and X07S/Zihui 100, the newly developed from two parental lines and traditional hybrid rice Shanyou 63 developed from three parental lines. The results showed that, as compared to Shanyou 63, the net photosynthetic rate of Liangyoupeijiu and X07S/Zihui 100 was 9.1% and 11.9% higher, the transpiration rate was 37.4% and 31.4% lower, and their water use efficiency was 74.2% and 63.5% higher respectively. After strong light (2 000 μmol photons·m -2 ·s -1 ) treatment for 2 h, the photochemical quantum yield and the photochemical quenching increased by 37.0% and 18.0% respectively in Liangyoupeijiu, 28.3% and 46.2% in X07S/Zihui 100, but decreased a little in Shanyou 63. The non_photochemical quenching decreased in Liangyoupeijiu and X07S/Zihui 100 (about 50%) but increased greatly in Shanyou 63 (about 50%). Better photosynthetic functions, higher water use efficiency and stronger resistance to photoinhibition, may be the physiological basis for the super high_yield of the two hybrid rice under study.比较了超高产杂交稻 (OryzasativaL .)X0 7S/紫恢 10 0和两优培九与多年来大面积推广的杂交稻汕优 6 3的光合功能和抗光胁迫能力。结果表明 ,超高产杂交稻X0 7S/紫恢 10 0和两优培九的净光合速率 (Pn)分别比汕优 6 3高 9.1%和 11.9% ,而其蒸腾速率 (Tr)分别比汕优 6 3低 37.46 %和 31.42 % ,此外 ,其水分利用效率 (WUE)分别比汕优 6 3高出 74.2 %和 6 3.5 % ;经强光 (2 0 0 0 μmolphotons·m-2 ·s-1)处理 2h之后 ,X0 7S/紫恢 10 0和两优培九的光系统Ⅱ光化学量子效率分别上升 2 8 3%和 37 0 % ,荧光光化学猝灭系数分别升高 46 2 %和 18 0 % ,而汕优 6 3的这两项参数值却变化很小 ;同时 ,X0 7S/紫恢 10 0和两优培九的非光化学猝灭系数均下降 5 0 %左右 ,而汕优 6 3则上升近5 0 % ,表明超高产杂交稻较高的光合能力、水分利用效率以及较强的抗光抑制能力可能是其高产的生理基础。

关 键 词：superhigh-yield hybrid rice net photosynthetic rate water use efficiency PHOTOINHIBITION fluorescence induction kinetics parameters 

分 类 号：Q945.11[生物学—植物学]