不同种植年限苜蓿对土壤理化性质、微生物群落和苜蓿品质的影响  

Effects of Alfalfa with Different Growth Years on the Soil Physical and Chemical Properties,Soil Microbial,Forage Quality

作　　者：麻冬梅[1] 金风霞[1] 蒙静[2] 杨鹏鹏[1] 刘昊焱 许兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,银川750021 [2]宁夏农业综合开发办公室,银川750001

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2013年第5期29-32,共4页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划资助项目"荒漠草原区农牧复合生态系统构建与可持续利用技术集成试验与示范"(2011BAC07B03);宁夏农发办项目(NTKJ-2012-12);宁夏农发办项目(NTKJ-2013-09(1))

摘　　要：随着种植年限的延长,苜蓿地土壤质量及牧草品质逐步退化。通过对不同种植年限苜蓿土壤理化性质、牧草品质的测定,分析比较了土壤质量及牧草质量的变化。结果表明:在苜蓿生长季内,土壤含水量随月份的递增其变化规律各异,随取土深度的增加呈先增加后降低的变化趋势;随种植年限的延长,碱解氮和速效钾含量逐渐下降,速效磷含量呈先增加后降低的变化规律;各种植年限苜蓿地土壤微生物区系以细菌为主,真菌数量最少,微生物总数以4年生苜蓿地最高,3年生最低;苜蓿品质随种植年限延长而逐渐下降,即栽培年限对苜蓿地的土壤质量及牧草品质均有不同程度的影响。With the prolongation of growth, soil quality and forage quality of alfalfa gradual degrade. This ex- periment based on different growth years of alfalfa, the soil physical and chemical properties were studied, and the changes of soil quality and forage quality were analyzed and compared. The results show that in alfal- fa growing season, the seasonal change in soil moisture contents is different, with the increase of soil depth, the soil moisture first increased and then reduced; with the extension of cultivation years, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen and available potassium contents showed a decrease trend, available phosphorus content first in- creased and then decreased; the soil microbial florage of different growth years of alfalfa is dominated by bac- teria, fungi is the least, total number of microbes 4-year alfalfa is the highest, the lowest for the 3-year alfal- fa; and the quality of alfalfa decreased with the increase in growth years, the influence degrees of cultivation period on soil quality and alfalfa forage quality are different.

关 键 词：苜蓿 土壤速效养分 土壤微生物 牧草品质 

分 类 号：S153[农业科学—土壤学]