黄土丘陵区不同土地利用类型土壤水分物理性质研究  

Study on Physical Characteristics of Soil Water in Different Land Uses in Loess Hilly Region

作　　者：易扬[1] 信忠保[1] 覃云斌[1] 肖玉玲[1] 赵瑞[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2013年第5期45-49,56,共6页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然基金青年科学基金项目(41001362);水利部黄土高原水土流失过程与控制重点实验室开放课题基金资助项目(201301)

摘　　要：在黄土高原丘陵沟壑区第三副区典型流域选取林地、耕地、果园、撂荒地和草地5种土地利用方式,进行土壤水分物理性质的对比研究。结果表明:林地、耕地和撂荒地的土壤含水量显著大于果园和草地。耕地和果园的饱和持水量显著大于草地。各土地利用类型下土壤水分物理因子基本具有一致性,其变异系数均属于中等变异。水平方向上各个土壤水分物理性质较为均一,土壤饱和导水率和土壤含水量平均为0.84mm/min和19.18%,土壤容重平均为1.34g/cm3,但毛管孔隙度均在10%以下,表层土壤通气透水性能较差。近年来虽大面积新修梯田、发展经济林,表土水分物理性质得到改良,但从整体性能上来看,还是较差,今后需进一步改善土壤环境。This paper selected six kinds of land uses （woodland, farmland, orchards, abandoned land, grass, road） in typical watershed of the third sub region on the Loess Plateau to make a comparative study on the physical properties of surface soil moisture. The results demonstrated that the levels of soil moisture in woodland, farmland and abandoned land were significantly greater than those in the orchard and grassland, and the saturation moisture capacities of farmland and orchard were significantly greater than that in the grassland. Physical factors of soil moisture under different land use types were basic coordination. The coef ficient of variation was the moderate variability. It indicated physical properties of the surface soil moisture were uniform in the horizontal direction. The average saturated hydraulic conductivity and soil water content ware 0.84 mm/min and 19.18%, respectively. The average soil bulk density was 1.34 g/cm^3. Capillary po- rosity in all of the land use types was below 10%, indicating the surface soil aeration performance of permea- bility was poor. Although a large area of new terracing and development of economic forest improved topsoil moisture physical properties in recent years, the overall performance was still poor. It will need to further improve the soil environment.

关 键 词：黄土高原 土地利用 水分物理性质 饱和导水率 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学] S151.92[农业科学—农业基础科学]