洱海主要污染物允许排放总量的控制分配  

Allocation of major pollutants loads for Lake Erhai

作　　者：卫志宏[1] 唐雄飞[1] 杨振祥[1] 吕兴菊[1] 孟良[1] 朱江[1] 窦嘉顺[1] 杨四坤[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国大理洱海湖泊研究中心,大理671000

出　　处：《湖泊科学》2013年第5期665-673,共9页Journal of Lake Sciences

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项项目(2008ZX07105-006)资助

摘　　要：基于环境流体动力学模型EFDC(Environmental Fluid Dynamic Code),建立了洱海湖泊及湖湾的三维水动力水质模型.利用洱海2001 2011年连续11年的水动力水质监测数据对模型进行了率定和验证,模拟结果与实测资料吻合度较好,表明水动力水质模型计算结果较为合理.在考虑水质环境背景浓度的前提下,通过水质模型量化各个入湖排污口对水质控制点的贡献率,并对各水质控制点和入湖排污口的浓度进行约束限制,最终利用单纯形法求解得到各入湖排污口的允许排污量.计算结果表明,北区三条河流弥苴河、永安江、罗时江本身流量相对较大,所以允许排放总量也较大,总氮、总磷和COD Mn的允许排放总量分别占到整个洱海允许排放量的47%、53%和49%.洱海主要污染物允许排放总量的控制分配研究对于洱海流域的环境综合整治具有十分重要的意义.A three-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality model has been developed for Lake Erhai and its adjacent embay- ments based on the Environmental Fluid Dynamic Code （EFDC）. The model was calibrated and verified by using the field water quality data monitored from 2001 to 2011. The simulated results are in good agreement with observed data, indicating that the mod- el simulation results are accurate and reliable. The model was applied to determine the contributing rate by each waste load inflow at various water quality control points in the lake. The effects of background water quality condition were included in the model in determining the impact of each waste load inflow. The linear programming Simplex Method was used to calculate the optimal load- ing for each pollutant source with the consideration of constraints on water quality target at different water quality control points in the lake. The allocated pollutant load for Miqie River, Yong＇an River and Luoshi River in the northern region of the watershed is the highest due to higher flow discharge, and the amount of allocated loads for total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and CODMn from the three rivers takes up to 47% , 53% and 49% of the total load for the entire Lake Erhai watershed, respectively. The pollutant load allocation study can be used to facilitate the development of lake pollution control strategies, and to achieve the targeted water quality objectives for Lake Erhai.

关 键 词：洱海 EFDC 允许排放量 水质模型 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]