黔西南地区石斛资源现状及持续干旱对其影响评价  

Resources status and continuous drought impact assessment on Dendrobium in Southwest Guizhou

作　　者：罗晓青[1] 吴明开 张显波[1] 查兰松[1] 敖茂宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州省亚热带作物研究所,贵州兴义562400 [2]贵州省现代中药研究所,贵阳550006

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2013年第9期1426-1430,共5页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：贵州省社会发展科技计划项目(黔科合SY字[2012]3023号)

摘　　要：【目的】调查黔西南地区石斛资源现状及2009年以来的持续干旱对石斛资源的影响,以期为石斛保育与可持续利用提供依据。【方法】通过实地踏勘、走访调查等方法,分析黔西南地区现有资源状况。定点跟踪监测,对比分析不同年份石斛的生长量。【结果】黔西南地区石斛属植物共20种,占贵州已知23种的87%;细叶石斛等3种数量相对较多,有少量蒴果;铁皮石斛等价值高的种极为稀少,野外已很难找到。经历2009年以来的严重干旱,石斛未受到直接损伤;干旱年份植株生长量明显小于正常年份。【结论】黔西南地区有适宜石斛生长的良好自然条件,人为因素是造成石斛物种濒危的直接原因。石斛有极强的耐干旱能力,回归保育是实现物种保护与可持续利用的有效途径。[Objective]Dendrobium resources status and the impacts of continuous drought since 2009 were surveyed to provide references for its conservation and sustainable use. [Method ]Through field survey and visit, the existing resource situation was analyzed. The increment of different years was compared by fixed-point tracking and monitoring. [Result]In Southwest Guizhou region, there were totally 20 species of Dendrobium, accounting for 87% of the known 23 kinds in Guizhou. Three kinds including Dendrobium haneockii relatively had a greater number, and there were few capsules. The varieties of high value like Dendrobium officinale were scarce and extinct in the wild. Dendrobium was not subject to direct damage in the severe drought since 2009, but the plants obviously grew slower in the drought years. [Conclusion]South- west Guizhou region was suitable for the growth of Dendrobium. The human factor was the direct cause to endanger Den- drobium. Dendrobium had strong drought-resistant capability. Re-introduction conservation was an effective way to achieve conservation and sustainable use.

关 键 词：石斛 资源调查 干旱 植株反应 回归保育 黔西南 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]