内蒙古十大孔兑水沙特性及治理措施研究  

Study on Water and Sediment Characteristics and Treatment Measures of Ten Hyper-Concentration Tributaries in Inner Mongolia

作　　者：张建[1] 马翠丽[1] 雷鸣[1] 陈松伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]黄河勘测规划设计有限公司,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《人民黄河》2013年第10期72-74,77,共4页Yellow River

基　　金：水利部公益性行业科研专项(201001012)

摘　　要：分析了内蒙古十大孔兑来水来沙特点、洪水特性以及昭君坟河段沙坝淤堵黄河情况和由此带来的洪水灾害。根据孔兑流域特性及产水产沙特点提出了治理要坚持上、中、下游统筹兼顾,综合治理的原则。上游丘陵区以沟道坝系建设、退耕还林还草恢复植被为主;中游以防风固沙和引洪放淤为主;下游以防洪为主,结合引洪放淤改造滩地。This paper analyzed water and sediment characteristics and flood characteristics of ten hyper-concentration tributaries in Inner Mongolia, and the silt plug situation of sandbank in Zhaojunfen section and the flood disaster. According to the basin characteristics and producing runoff and sediment characteristics, the principle was proposed that the ten hyper-concentration tributaries should be treated from the upstream to the middle and lower reaches with comprehensive treatment in overall consideration. The hilly area in the upper reaches should be treated mainly in gully dam system and conversion of cropland to forest and grassland ; the middle reaches should be treated mainly in sand fixation and flood diversion for war- ping; the lower reaches should be treated mainly in flood control, combined with flood diversion for warping to reform beach.

关 键 词：十大孔兑 水沙特性 沙坝淤堵 引洪放淤 内蒙古 黄河 

分 类 号：TV212.52[水利工程—水文学及水资源] TV882.8