DNA条形码—医学媒介生物快速准确鉴定的利器  

DNA Barcoding-A Novel Tool for Fast and Accurate Identification of Medical Vectors

作　　者：岳巧云[1,2] 邱德义 胡佳 刘国雄 

机构地区：[1]中山出入境检验检疫局,广东中山528403 [2]广东出入境检验检疫局

出　　处：《检验检疫学刊》2013年第5期60-63,49,共5页Journal of Inspection and Quarantine

基　　金：十二五国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAK11B05);国家质检总局科研项目(2012IK223);广东出入境检验检疫局科研项目(2011GDK10;2013GDK36)

摘　　要：DNA条形码为一种新兴的物种鉴定方法,为古老的物种鉴定学科注入了新鲜的血液,具有不受发育状态限制,减少对专家的依赖性,数据共享性高,可以建立国际鉴定平台等特点,为媒介生物的快速准确鉴定提供了一种新的利器。本文结合实际工作,参阅已发表的文献,分析传统形态学物种鉴定方法与DNA条形码方法鉴定物种的优缺点,DNA条形码技术的发展现状,DNA条形码数据的基本要求,以及DNA条形码鉴定物种的基本流程等,全面系统地介绍DNA条形码这一新的物种鉴定技术。在目前数据库DNA条形码数据不完善、不充足的情况下,尤其是在建设数据库的过程中,DNA条形码技术的应用离不开形态学鉴定,但当数据库中数据足够充足后,该技术将被广泛应用,对缩短鉴定周期,准确、快速鉴定媒介生物具有重要的意义。DNA barcoding as a new diagnostic tool for species identification adds new power and depth to traditional classification by morphology. It will not be limited by the developmental stage of the species, depends less on the experts’ experiences, and it is possible to build an international identification platform for universal users. DNA barcoding will be a fast and accurate method to identify the species. Advantages and disadvantages of using morphology and DNA barcoding techniques for species identification were compared. We combined this with published works and assessed the present situation and current trends. The basic requirements of DNA barcoding and the process of species identification using this technique was illustrated as well, the objective is to introduce the novel tool, DNA barcoding, a technique with great potential application for the fast and accurate identification of medical vectors. Once there is sufficient data in the data base, it could be widely used to identify species and should help to shorten the identification period, which is important in the identification of medical vectors. At present, DNA barcoding should be combined with morphological criteria to identify species as there is not yet enough molecular data. This will advance the build up of the DNA barcoding data base.

关 键 词：DNA条形码技术 医学媒介生物 种类鉴定 

分 类 号：Q959[生物学—动物学]