胸外科术后患者呼吸道感染危险因素分析  

Risk factors for respiratory infections in patients undergoing thoracic surgery

作　　者：刘凤娟[1] 李慧娟 楚盼盼[1] 孙芳 

机构地区：[1]河南省胸科医院胸外科 [2]检验科 [3]呼吸科,河南郑州450008

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2013年第19期4680-4682,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：河南省医学科技攻关项目(201203163)

摘　　要：目的探讨胸外科手术患者术后发生呼吸道感染的危险因素及预防对策,以期为预防及控制胸外科手术患者术后呼吸道感染提供参考。方法回顾性调查453例胸外科手术患者临床资料,对引起术后呼吸道感染发生的相关危险因素进行分析。结果 453例胸外科手术患者术后发生呼吸道感染者76例,感染率为16.78%,其中肺炎39例、支气管炎14例、肺不张15例、其他8例,分别占51.32%、18.42%、19.74%、10.53%;患者年龄、原发疾病类型、手术时间、住院时间、气管侵入性操作与患者术后呼吸道感染发生的密切相关(P<0.05),术后呼吸道感染发生与患者性别无关。结论胸外科手术患者术后易发生呼吸道感染,感染是多因素综合作用所致,高龄、肺癌、食管癌、手术时间长、住院时间长及气管有侵入性操作患者更易发生呼吸道感染,应针对以上危险因素进行相对性的护理干预,以降低感染发生率。OBJECTIVE To discuss the potential risk factors for postoperative respiratory infections in patients undergoing thoracic surgeries and preventive countermeasures so as to provide reference for preventing and controlling postoperative respiratory infections. METHODS The data of 453 cases of patients undergoing thoracic surgery were retrospectively analyzed. The associated risk factors causing postoperative respiratory infections were analyzed. RESULTS Among 453 cases of patients with thoracic surgeries postoperative respiratory infections occurred in 76 cases with the infection rate of 16. 78%; there were 39 cases of pneumonia and 14 cases of bronchitis, 15 cases of atelectasis and 8 cases of others, accounting for were 51. 32%, 18. 42%, 19. 74%, 10.53%. The age, primary disease, operation duration, length of hospital stay and tracheal invasive operation were closely related to the patients of postoperative respiratory tract infections （P^0.05）, and the postoperative respiratory tract infection had nothing to do with sex. CONCLUSION The postoperative pulmonary infections are prone to occur the patient undergoing thoracic surgeries, the multivariate analysis reaveals that the advanced age lung cancer, esophageal cancer, long operation duration, long hospitalization duration, and invasive operation are the risk factors for the respiratory tract infections, thus, the targeted nursing interventions should be taken so as to reduce the infection rate.

关 键 词：胸外科术后 呼吸道感染 危险因素 护理 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]