2012年ICU医院感染目标监测分析  

Targeted surveillance of nosocomial infections in ICU in 2012

作　　者：赵丽华[1,2,3] 陈翠芳[1,2,3] 陈春燕[1,2,3] 邹义春[1,2,3] 孔德宝[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]黄石市中心医院 [2]湖北理工学院附属医院院感办,湖北黄石435000 [3]肾脏疾病发生与干预湖北重点实验室,湖北黄石435000

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2013年第20期4883-4884,4887,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：黄石市科技计划项目(2011A045-5)

摘　　要：目的分析综合性重症监护病房(ICU)医院感染目标性监测结果,了解ICU医院感染特点,为干预措施的制定提供参考。方法对ICU2012年1-12月621例住院患者按照卫生部制定的《医院感染监测规范》中有关医院感染目标监测的方法进行监测。结果 2012年ICU发生医院感染41例、53例次,感染率为6.60%、例次感染率为8.53%,日感染率为12.16‰、例次日感染率为14.23‰;留置导尿管、中心静脉插管及呼吸机的使用率分别为79.87%、82.51%和26.15%;使用导管所致相关泌尿道、血流感染和呼吸机相关性肺炎发病率分别为0.74‰、1.80‰和19.27‰;医院感染主要病原菌:鲍氏不动杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌和金黄色葡萄球菌,分别占32.65%、16.33%、16.33%和14.29%;感染部位主要为下呼吸道占73.58%。结论 ICU住院患者医院感染发生率较高,应根据医院感染的发生情况,加强对患者医院感染的前瞻性目标监测,及时采取干预措施,以降低医院感染率。OBJECTIVE To analyze the result of targeted surveillance of nosocomial infections in intensive care unit and understand the characteristics of nosocomial infections so as to put forward the intervention measures. METHODS A total of 621 cases of patients who were hospitalized the ICU from Jan to Dec 2012 were enrolled in the study, then the targeted surveillance of the nosocomial infections was performed by referring to the guidelines for surveillance of nosocomial infections issued by the Ministry of Health, P. R. China. RESULTS In 2012, the nosocomial infections occurred in 41 cases （53 case-times ） with the infection rate of 6.60% and the case-time infection rate of 8.53%, the daily infection rate was 12.16%, and the daily case-time infection rate was 14.23%. The use rates of catheter indwelling, central venous catheterization, and ventilator were 79.87%, 82.51%, and 26.15 %, respectively. The incidence rates of the catheter-related urinary tract infections, bloodstream infections, and ventilator-associated pneumonia were 0.74%, 1.80%, and 19. 27%, respectively. The Acinetobacter bau- mannii （32.65 % ）, K lebsiella pneurnoniae （ 16.33% ）, Pseudomonas aeruginosa （ 16.33 % ）, and Staphylococcus aureus（14.29%）were the predominant species of pathogens causing nosocomial infections. Among the patients with nosocomial infections, the cases with lower respiratory tract infections accounted for 73.58%. CONCLUSION The incidence of nosocomial infections is high in the hospitalized ICU patients, it is necessary to strengthen the prospective targeted surveillance of nosocomial infections and take intervention measures in a timely manner so as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.

关 键 词：重症监护病房 医院感染 目标监测 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]