老年住院患者医院感染危险因素分析  

Risk factors of nosocomial infections in elderly hospitalized patients

作　　者：吴明德[1] 邹艳[1] 王祎 

机构地区：[1]自贡市第五人民医院检验科 [2]特检科,四川自贡643020

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2013年第20期4897-4898,4901,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：四川省卫生厅科研基金课题(130516)

摘　　要：目的探讨老年住院患者发生医院感染的危险因素,为老年科医院感染控制提供参考依据。方法回顾性调查分析2009年1月-2011年12月2328例老年住院患者的年龄、性别、住院天数、卧床天数、有无导尿、血清白蛋白、肌酐、血糖等资料,同时对医院感染部位及感染病原菌分析,两组计数资料比较用χ2检验。结果 2328例老年住院患者发生医院感染146例,感染率6.3%;主要感染部位为上呼吸道、泌尿道、下呼吸道,分别占36.3%、21.2%、20.5%,其次为胃肠道、皮肤软组织,分别占11.0%、8.9%;高龄、住院天数长、卧床天数长、导尿、低白蛋白、肌酐升高、高血糖等是发生医院感染的危险因素。结论老年患者发生医院感染的机会较大,影响因素多、治疗难度增加、危险性增大、应针对上述因素采取相应的预防措施,有效控制医院感染发生率。OBJECTIVE To study the risk factors of nosocomial infections in elderly hospitalized patients so as to provide bases for the control of nosocomial infections in geriatrics department. METHODS Totally 2328 cases of elderly patients, who Were hospitalized from Jan 2009 to Dec 2011, were enrolled in the study, then the clinical data including the age, gender, length of hospitalization, bedridden time, urethral catheterization, serum albumin, creatinine, and blood glucose were retrospectively investigated, the nosocomial infection sites and the pathogens causing infections were analyzed , and the statistical analysis was performed with the use of 2~2 test. RESULTS Of totally 2328 cases of elderly hospitalized patients investigated, the nosocomial infections occurred in 146 cases with the infection rate of 6. 3% , among which the patients with upper respiratory tract infections accounted for 36%, the patients with urinary tract iMections 21. 2%, the patients with lower respiratory tract infections 20.5 %, the patients with gastrointestinal tract infections 11.0 %, the patients with skin and soft tissue infections 8.9 %, The advanced age, prolonged hospitalization duratiSn, long bedridden time, urethral catheterization, low serum albumin level, elevated level of creatinine, and high blood glucose were the risk factors of the nosocomial infections, CONCLUSION The elderly patients are at high risk of nosocomial infections, there are many risk factors, which make the treatment more difficult and increase the risk, it is necessary to take corresponding prevention measures so as to effectively control the nosocomial infections.

关 键 词：老年 住院患者 医院感染 危险因素 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]