黄河三角洲浅层地下水位动态特征及其成因  

Dynamic Characteristics of the Shallow Groundwater Table and Its Genesis in the Yellow River Delta

作　　者：安乐生[1,2] 赵全升[3] 许颖[3] 

机构地区：[1]安庆师范学院环境工程系,安徽安庆246011 [2]中国海洋大学环境工程系,山东青岛266100 [3]青岛大学环境科学系,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2013年第9期51-56,共6页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：中国地质调查局国土资源大调查项目(1212010611402);山东省自然科学基金项目资助(ZR2011DM001);青岛市科技支撑计划项目(11-2-3-64-nsh)

摘　　要：为了解黄河三角洲地下水位动态特征及其成因,在野外调查、观测及资料收集的基础上,利用地学理论和数理统计方法,对该地区浅层地下水位时空变化及其对降雨的响应等进行了深入分析。结果表明:(1)黄河三角洲地区地下水位埋深较浅,一般在0.50～2.50 m,其中滨海地带普遍小于1.00 m。(2)区内黄河现行流路两侧的河成高地及滨海近岸的局部地区年内地下水位动态属基本稳定型,其地下水位动态成因类型属"渗入-径流"或"水文"型,而其它地区年内地下水位动态属震荡起伏型,且以"降-升-降"型为主,其地下水位动态成因类型属"渗入-蒸发"型。(3)总体上该地区年内地下水位以相对稳定的季节性变化为主,而年际地下水位处于动态平衡状态。黄河下游生态调度及"蓝黄"战略在区内叠加实施过程中应密切关注区域地下水位动态及其效应。To understand the dynamic characteristics of groundwater level and its genesis in the Yellow River Delta, using geological theory and mathematical statistics based on field investigation, observation and data collection, temporal and spatial variation of shallow groundwater level in the region and its response to rainfall were analyzed. Results indicated that the depth to the groundwater （0.50-2.50 m） in the Yellow River Delta is shallow, and that in the coastal inshore is generally less than 1.00m. Annual groundwater level of local areas of the river highlands on both sides of the Yellow River＇s current flow path and coastal inshore belongs to the basically stable type. In these areas, genetic type of groundwater regime is the type of infiltration-runoff or hydrology. And the other parts of the area, annual groundwater level belongs to the type of fluctuation which gives priority to the type of down-up-down. Besides, genetic type of groundwater regime in these areas is type of infiltration-evaporation. As a whole, annual change of the groundwater level mainly shows relatively stable seasonal change in the Yellow River Delta, as well as the inter-annual groundwater level is in a state of dynamic equilibrium. During the development and construction of the Yellow River Delta, more attention should be paid to the groundwater level dynamics and its effects in this area.

关 键 词：地下水 地下水位 地下水动态 黄河三角洲 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程]