具有连续工班数量折扣的集卡车队外包决策问题  

Outsourcing Decision-making of Truck Fleet with Quantity Discounts for Continuous Working Shifts

作　　者：李淑琴[1] 杨斌[1] 胡志华[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]上海海事大学物流研究中心,上海201306 [2]同济大学经济与管理学院,上海200092

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2013年第10期134-140,共7页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71101088;71171129);社科基金重大项目(11&ZD169);中国博士后科学基金一等资助项目(2011M500077);教育部博士点基金项目(20113121120002);上海海事大学研究生创新基金资助项目(wk2012039)

摘　　要：针对集装箱运输中,企业自身的运输车队能力有限制,为了应对日益增长的竞争压力,在考虑运营成本以及不确定性需求的基础上,提出研究具有连续工班数量折扣的集卡车队业务外包决策问题。从竞争和社会效应的角度分析,以成本最小化为目标,提出一个扩展的VRPTW车辆调度模型,并建立以车辆空驶里程和碳排放为指标的评价体系。通过设定数量折扣规则、调整任务时间窗,获得不同连续工班组合的外包方案,并探讨不同的参数设定对决策方案的影响;最后通过算例仿真对模型的有效性进行了验证。试验结果表明:采用不同连续工班数量折扣下的外包决策方案对于车队外包作业,以及在提高车辆利用率和社会效益方面具有显著优势,并探讨在此基础上新的研究机会。To cope with the capacity limitations of enterprise＇s own transport fleet for container transport and the increasing competitive pressure, considering the operating costs and the demand uncertainty, an outsourcing decision-making problem for truck fleet with quantity discounts for continuous working shifts is presented. From the perspective of competition and social effects analysis, an extended VRPTW vehicle scheduling model is proposed with the aim of cost minimization, and an evaluation system which taking deadhead mileage and carbon emission as indices is also established. Through setting rule of quantity discount and adjusting task time windows, the outsourcing solutions in different combinations of continuous working shifts are obtained, and the influences of different parameter settings on the decision-making schemes are discussed. Finally, the effectiveness of the model is verified through simulation. The experimental result shows that the outsourcing decision-making with quantity discounts for different combinations of continuous working shifts has remarkable advantages in the aspects of fleet outsourcing operation and improving vehicle utilization and social benefits. New research opportunities are explored upon the result.

关 键 词：运输经济 车辆调度 数量折扣 连续工班 外包决策 

分 类 号：U492.22[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理] F570.8[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]