污泥堆肥对青菜生长及重金属积累的影响  

Growth and Heavy Metal Accumulation of Brassica chinensis Applied with Sewage Sludge Compost

作　　者：褚艳春[1] 葛骁[1] 魏思雨[1] 丁敬[1] 王小治[1] 封克[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏扬州225127

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2013年第10期1965-1970,共6页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：江苏省农业技术科技自主创新资金项目(CX(12)1001-6);扬州市-扬州大学校地合作专项(YZ2011146);扬州市环保科研课题

摘　　要：采用盆栽方式，设置污泥堆肥施用比例为0％、1％、5％、10％、15％、20％、40％、60％、80％和100％（重量比）共10个处理，研究污泥堆肥施用量对青菜生长状况及重金属积累的影响。结果表明：1％～5％的污泥堆肥施用可将青菜发芽率由87．78％提高到93．33％，但当施用量大于10％时，发芽率有不同程度的降低；污泥堆肥施用量在O％-15％范围内，青菜总生物量随堆肥施用量的增加而增加，10％污泥堆肥处理青菜鲜重为58．11g，略低于15％处理，但无显著差异，当污泥堆肥施用量大于20％时，青菜生物量呈下降趋势；污泥堆肥施用量为10％已满足青菜对营养元素的需求，其地上部N、P、K含量分别为52．68、5．89、26．86g·kg-1；与空白处理相比，随污泥堆肥施用量增加，青菜地上部cu、cd、zn、Cr和Ph含量呈增加的趋势，Cr的含量在堆肥施用量大于80％时，高于食品中污染物限量标准0．5mg·kg-1 Cd的含量在堆肥施用量大于60％时，高于食品中污染物限量标准0．2mg·kg-1，而Ph的含量在所有处理中均超标；确定最佳的污泥堆肥施用量为10％。为降低重金属在作物体中积累，在污泥堆肥农用过程中应严格控制污泥堆肥施用量。In this study, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of sewage sludge application on growth and heavy metal ac- cumulation in Brassica chinensis, and sewage sludge compost was applied at the rates of 0%, 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%（ W/W ）, respectively. The results showed that the application of sludge compost with the rates of 1% and 5% could increase the germination percentage of Brassica chinensis from 87.78% to 93.33%, while higher application rates（ 〉10% ） depressed the germination per- centage to different extents. When sludge compost was applied with the rates of 1%~15%, the fresh weight of Brassica chinensis increased with the rates and reached to 58.11 g per pot at the rate of 10%, which was slightly lower than the 15% treatment with no significant differ- ence. The hiomass of Brassica chinensis significantly decreased with the increase of sludge compost application rate when the rates were higher than 20%.The sludge compost applied with the rate of 10% had met the nutrients demand of Brassica chinensis, and N, P, K contents in the aboveground part reached to 52.68 g ＂kg-1, 5.89 g ＂kg-1, 26.86 g＇kg-1, respectively. The accumulation of Cu, Cd, Zn, Cr and Pb in Brassica chinensis was observed and increased with the increase of sludge compost application rates, compared to the control treatment with no sludge compost applied. According to national food hygiene standard in China, the content of Cr in Brassica chinensis exceeded the limit of 0.5 mg -kg-1 when the application rate of sludge compost was higher than 80% ,while Cd content exceeded the limit of 0.2 mg＇kg-1 when the rate was higher than 60%. The content of Ph in Brassica chinensis exceeded the standard in all treatments. The appropriate application rate of sludge compost was 10%. This study indicated that there should be a tight control over the application rate of the sludge compost to reduce the accumulation of heavy metals in the crops.

关 键 词：污泥堆肥 青菜 生长 重金属 

分 类 号：X503.231[环境科学与工程—环境工程]