贵州典型铅锌矿区水稻土壤和水稻中重金属含量及健康风险评价  

Concentrations and Health Risk Assessments of Heavy Metals in Soil and Rice in Zinc-lead Mining Area in Guizhou Province, China

作　　者：吴迪[1] 杨秀珍[1,2] 李存雄[1] 周超[1] 秦樊鑫[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学贵州省山地环境信息系统与生态环境保护重点实验室,贵阳550001 [2]贵州师范大学化学与材料科学学院,贵阳550001

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2013年第10期1992-1998,共7页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：贵州省自然科学基金项目“贵州典型铅锌矿区土壤重金属污染防治关键技术与修复示范”[J字(2010)2031];贵州省社会发展攻关项目“贵州铅锌矿区土壤中重金属铅锌污染特征及铅锌富集植物筛选研究”[SY(2010)3013]

摘　　要：为了解贵州DX和DW铅锌矿区水稻土壤和水稻中重金属的含量及健康风险,分别测定了水稻土壤和水稻植株各个部分Cr、Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn、Ni、Hg和As的重金属的含量。同时,通过Nemero综合污染指数评价了矿区水稻土壤的污染状况,并根据稻米的高危商(HQ)评价了两矿区稻米对人体造成的重金属健康风险。结果表明:矿区水稻土壤重金属污染严重,其中Pb、Cd、Zn、Ni、Hg、As污染尤为突出,以Cd污染最为严重,分别超标34.22倍和84.92倍。根据Nemero指数分析可知,DX和DW矿区均表现为重度复合污染,且DW矿区土壤Nemero指数高于DX矿区;参照《粮食卫生标准》,矿区稻米存在高重金属污染风险,尤以Pb、Hg和As最为明显,根据稻米的HQ和高危指数(HI)值分析得出,食用当地稻米对人体造成的健康风险极大。To evaluate the contamination and health risks ol heavy metals in mining aiiected areas, Er, Pb, Gd, 12u ,Zn, N i, l-lg and As in soils and different parts of rice plants were analyzed in DX and DW areas, Guizhou Province, China. The Nemero comprehensive pollution index was used for assessing soil and Hazard Quotient（HQ ） for health risks of heavy metals. Soils in the zinc-lead mining areas were se- riously contaminated by heavy metals, especially Pb, Cd, Zn, Ni, Hg and As. The concentrations of Cd in DX and DW were 34.22 times and 84.92 times higher than those of the National Soil Quality Standard-Grade 11, respectively. Compound contamination of heavy metals in the soils was extremely severe with more serious in DW than in DX area. Per the Food Health Standards, high pollution risks from the above- mentioned heavy metals, especially from Pb, Hg and As, existed in the locally grown rice. According to the HQ and Hazard Index（HI） of the rice, locally produced rice had extremely high risk for the health of human beings.

关 键 词：铅锌矿区 土壤污染 水稻稻米 重金属 人体健康 风险评价 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程]