温度和CO_2浓度升高对稻田CH_4排放的影响:T-FACE平台观测研究  

Effect of Elevated CO_2 and Temperature on CH_4 Emissions from Rice Paddy Fields:A T-FACE Experiment

作　　者：周超[1] 刘树伟[1] 张令[1] 张旭辉[1] 潘根兴[1] 邹建文[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省低碳农业与温室气体减排重点实验室,南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,南京210095

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2013年第10期2077-2083,共7页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费(200903003);国家杰出青年科学基金(41225003);教育部优博专项基金(200969)

摘　　要：以同步模拟自由大气二氧化碳浓度和温度升高的太湖地区稻田T-FACE平台为依托,采用静态暗箱-气相色谱法原位观测研究了温度(T)和CO2浓度(C)升高以及温度和CO2浓度同步升高(CT)对稻田CH4排放的影响。结果表明:温度和CO2浓度升高并未改变稻田CH4排放的季节动态模式,但显著增加水稻生长季CH4的排放量,且促进效应依次为C>CT>T。在本底自由大气处理(CK)条件下,有、无水稻植株参与的稻田生态系统和土壤CH4季节平均排放通量分别为1.88、1.08 mg·m-2·h-1。有、无水稻植株参与下C、CT和T处理CH4季节排放量都较CK处理显著提高,分别增加了273%、106%、59%和317%、142%、79%。温度和CO2浓度升高显著增加了水稻生物量,相对于CK而言,C、T和CT处理导致水稻的生物量分别增加了24%、7%和16%。无论有、无水稻植株参与,稻田甲烷排放量与水稻生物量和产量均呈极显著正相关关系。A field experiment was conducted to examine the effect of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide （C02） and temperature on methane（CH4） emissions from rice paddies at a T-FACE experimental station in Tai Lake region. Field treatments included the elevated free-air CO2 concentration（ C ）, increased air temperature（T）, elevated CO： concentration and temperature （CT） and the ambient air control （CK） plots in the T-FACE field experiment platform. The fluxes of CH4 emission from rice paddies were measured using static opaque chamber-gas chromatograph techniques. The results indicated that seasonal total CH4 emissions were increased by elevated CO2 concentra- tions and increased temperature, and their stimulating effects on CH4 fluxes were followed as the order of C〉CT〉T. Seasonal fluxes of CH4 from the control plots with or without rice crops involvement averaged 1.88 and 1.08 nag-m-2＂ h-~, respectively, suggesting that rice cropping significantly increased CH4 emissions from rice paddies. Relative to the control, CH4 emissions from rice paddies were increased by 273%, 106% and 59% for the C, CT and T plots with rice crops involvement, and they were increased by 317%, 142% and 79% for the plots with- out rice crops involvement, respectively. Compared with the control, similarly, elevated atmospheric COz and temperature increased rice biomass by 24%, 7% and 16% for the C, CT and T plots, respectively. Seasonal CH4 emissions were significantly correlated with rice biomass and yield in this study.

关 键 词：CO2浓度升高 CH4排放 稻田 水稻生物量 

分 类 号：S161.9[农业科学—农业气象学]