有机肥施用对稻田甲烷排放的影响及模拟研究  

The Effect of Organic Manures Application on Methane Emission and Its Simulation in Paddy Fields

作　　者：霍莲杰[1,2,3] 纪雄辉[2,3] 吴家梅[1,2,3] 彭华[2,3] 朱坚[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学研究生隆平分院,长沙410125 [2]湖南省土壤肥料研究所,长沙410125 [3]农业部长江中游平原农业环境重点实验室,长沙410125

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2013年第10期2084-2092,共9页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑项目:稻田生态系统固碳减排技术集成与示范(2013BAD11B02);中南大学学位论文创新资助项目:影响稻田甲烷排放的还原性有机物化学特征研究(2011ssxt124);2012湖南省农科院创新项目(稻田施用有机肥的碳增汇效应及固碳减排调控研究)

摘　　要：通过2年的田间定位试验,监测了湖南稻田施用不同有机肥(稻草、鸡粪和猪粪)处理对CH4排放的影响,并利用Logistic模型模拟了CH4累积排放动态。结果表明:施用有机肥显著增加CH4排放量,其中稻草处理CH4排放量最高,2年稻季平均排放总量为796.96 kg·hm-2,比鸡粪处理(405.56 kg·hm-2)增加96.51%(P<0.05),两者比猪粪处理分别增加214.1%(P<0.05)和59.8%(P<0.05),比单施化肥处理分别增加249.8%(P<0.05)和78.0%(P<0.05),而猪粪、化肥和不施肥处理的CH4累积排放量间均没有显著差异;利用Logistic模型能够很好地模拟稻田CH4累积排放量随时间的变化动态,其参数L能极显著拟合累积排放量且与有机肥中有机碳组分1线性相关,参数a表示水稻拔节孕穗期之前的CH4排放量增减率,与土壤中有机碳组分1含量密切相关。从土壤固碳和减排CH4方面考虑,在生产上可尽量减少有机肥中有机碳组分1向稻田输入。Field experiment was conducted to study the effect of different organic manures application on CH4 emissions over rice growing season from paddy fields in Hunan Province in 2010 and 201 l, and the Logistic model was used to simulate the dynamic of CH4 accumula- tion emission flux. The results were showed that CH4 emissions were significantly increased by application of organic manures （including rice straw, chicken manure and pig manure ）. The CH4 accumulation emission amount was the highest in the rice straw treatment, whose 2-year＇s mean was 796.96 kg-hm-2, was increased by 96.51%（P〈0.05 ） compared with that in the chicken manure treatment （405.56 kg- hm-Z）; The two treatments increased methane emission by 214.1% （P〈0.05） and 59.8% （P〈0.05） respectively than that in the pig manure treatment, and by 249.8% （P〈0.05） and 78.0% （P〈0.05） respectively than that in the chemical fertilizer treatment. The CH4 accumulation emission amount was no significant difference among the treatments of pig manure, chemical fertilizer and no fertilizer; The Logistic model could sim- ulated CH4 accumulation emission flux dynamic under different fertilization treatments very well, which parameter L had extremely signifi- cant correlations with CH4 accumulation emission flux and organic carbon fraction one in manure. The Logistic model＇s parameter a means change rate of the CH4 emission flux before rice jointing-booting stage and was closely related to organic carbon fraction one in soil.Consid- ering soil carbon sequestration and CH4 emission reduction, the organic carbon fraction one in manures input to paddy field should be mini- mize as far as possible.

关 键 词：稻田 CH4排放 有机肥 有机碳组分 LOGISTIC模型 

分 类 号：S143.6[农业科学—肥料学]