冲天炉用生物质焦炭  

Biocoke for the cupola furnace

作　　者：Guillermo Pea Chipatecua Saulo H Freitas Seabra da Rocha Peter Quicker 周海忠 

机构地区：[1]亚琛工业大学

出　　处：《世界钢铁》2013年第5期18-23,共6页World Iron & Steel

摘　　要：铸造焦是冲天炉的主要燃料和碳化剂。鉴于焦炭价格较高和二氧化碳减排的压力,德国铸造业必须寻找一种焦煤的替代资源。开始于2010年1月的一个研究项目确定了以生物质残留物为基础开发合适的铸造焦替代物的框架。开发出来的生物质焦炭应该像煤粉末压块一样,在冲天炉熔炼过程中没有质量损失和引起冶炼问题。在碳化炉中,一共对15个不同的生物质(如秸秆、木质残留物、坚果壳等)进行了碳化试验,并对它们的燃料特性(如灰分、成分、热值、微量元素含量)进行了分析。考虑收购成本、收购的难易程度并结合分析结果,选择了可以试验的原料,在连续回转窑反应器中进行高温分解试验。目前正在进行适应性和捣固试验并对不同结合剂进行测试,以便满足在冲天炉中的使用要求。为了证明生物质焦炭的实际性能,最终在工业化工厂进行了试验,将铸造焦的替代率提高到了50%,加入量约为20 t。基于与工厂合作项目的研究结果,将编制有关原材料选择、铸造焦替代物的碳化和成型(成块)的操作规程。Foundry coke is the main fuel and carburizing agent for the cupola furnace. High coke prices and the purpose of CO2 emissions reduction demand an alternative charcoal source for the German foundry industry. Appropriate foundry coke substitutes on the basis of biomass residues are developed within the framework of a research project commenced in January 2010. The developed biocoke should be introduced in the cupola furnace as briquettes or in the melting process. A total of 15 different types etc. ） were carbonized in batch retorts and their dust without quality loss and metallurgical problems of biomass （ e. g. straw, woody residues, nut shells, fuel characteristics （e. g. ash content, elemental composition, heating value, trace elements content） were analysed. In consideration of the acquisition costs,the availability of the biomass and the analyses results, possible feed materials were selected and pyrolysed in a continuous rotary kiln reactor. Conditioning and agglomeration experiments as well as tests with different binding materials are being conducted in order to meet the requirements for the application in the cupola furnace. For a final proving of the produced biocoke practical experiments will be conducted on industrial facilities with increasing substitution rates up to 50 % and an input of approx. 20 t biocoke. Operating instructions for the selection of raw materials, the carbonization and the agglomeration of the foundry coke substitutes will be compiled on basis of the project results in cooperation with industrial partners.

关 键 词：生物质 高温分解 回转窑反应器 生物质焦炭 铸造焦 冲天炉 

分 类 号：TQ523.4[化学工程—煤化学工程]