贵州土法炼锌废渣的矿物学特征及综合利用  

Mineralogical Characteristics and Comprehensive Utilization of Indigenous Zinc Smelting Slag in Guizhou Province

作　　者：邓秋凤[1] 胡慧萍[1] 李珊珊[1] 李超[1] 董泽琴 张维 

机构地区：[1]中南大学化学化工学院,湖南长沙410083 [2]贵州省环境科学研究设计院,贵州贵阳550002

出　　处：《矿产综合利用》2013年第5期55-59,共5页Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources

基　　金："973"国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目(2007CB613601);教育部新世纪优秀人才计划资助项目(NCET-08-0571);贵州省环保厅科技计划项目资助

摘　　要：废渣矿物组成较为复杂,并有较多玻璃质、微晶质和不同矿物的过渡相存在。废渣中锌主要分布在硅酸盐和锌铁尖晶石中;铅含量低,主要以铅矾形式存在;铁的主要物相为赤褐铁矿和硅酸铁;废渣含碳量高,烧失量较大。根据废渣含锌量及浸出毒性结果,将废渣分为两类处理。锌含量低且浸出毒性在国标规定范围的这一类废渣,金属回收价值不高,可作为建筑材料的原料(如水泥、混凝土及烧结砖)。另一类锌含量较高或浸出毒性超出国标规定范围的废渣,进行还原焙烧回收有价金属,90%以上的Zn和85%以上的Pb挥发进入烟尘,得到锌铅含量低且浸出毒性在国标规定范围的残渣,可用于建筑材料。Mineral composition of the zinc slag is complex.Meanwhile,vitreous,microcrystalline and transition phase of different minerals exist the zinc slag.Zinc is mainly distributed in silicate and franklinite.The content of lead is low and Pb mainly exists as anglesite.Iron is mainly distributed in red limonite,silicate mineral and magnetite,and a large amount of carbon is found in the zinc slag,which results in great loss of ignition.According to the test result is of the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure（TCLP）and the content of Zn in the zinc slag,the zinc slag was divided into two kinds for processing.For the zinc slag with low content of Zn and its TCLP test result compliance with the Chinese National Standard（CNS） can be used as raw material in construction industry（such as cement,concrete and brick）.By means of reduction roasting,valuable metals can be recovered from another kind of zinc slag with high content of Zn and its TCLP test results exceeding the CNS.Mter reduction roasting process,over 90％of Zn and 85％of Pb can be volatilized into the dust,which can obtain the residual slag with low content of Zn and Pb,and its TCLP test results much lower than the CNS,which can be used as raw materials for construction industry.

关 键 词：土法炼锌废渣 矿物学特征 综合利用 

分 类 号：TD989[矿业工程—选矿] X758[环境科学与工程—环境工程]