唐宋辽金时期对猎鹰资源的利用和管理——以海东青的进贡、助猎和获取为中心  

On the Use and Management of Falcons in Dynasties of Tang, Song,Liao and Jin: A Case Study of the Tribute, Hunting and Gaining of Haidongqing Falcons

作　　者：聂传平[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学西北历史环境与经济社会发展研究院,陕西西安710062

出　　处：《原生态民族文化学刊》2013年第3期28-32,共5页Journal of Ethnic Culture

摘　　要：唐宋辽金时期,海东青在历史舞台上扮演着重要角色。唐宋时,东北各民族按例向中央王朝进贡海东青,体现了他们对中央王朝的归附,海东青的得名也与此有关。辽朝皇帝在春捺钵中对海东青的利用,反映了契丹民族以游牧射猎为主的生活方式。辽代之所以产生鹰坊与外鹰坊(稍瓦部)的区别,是该王朝番汉分治的二元政治体制的又一种表达。辽金之交,辽朝对海东青的过度需求成为引发完颜部反辽的口实。Haidongqing Falcons played an important role in dynasties of Tang, Song, Liao and Jin. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, the groups in Northeastern China provided the birds as tributes to the imperial courts, reflecting their client status at the time. Haidongqing was issued as the name of the bird. The emperors of the Liao Dynasty kept Haidongqing in Chunnabo just showed the specific nomad and hunting life of the Qidan people. The emergence of Yingfang （ Inner Shops for Haidongqing ） and Waiyingfang （ Outer Shops for Haidongqing ） was the result of the binary political system of the time. At the late period of the Liao Dynasty, the imperial court demanded for too many falcons from the Wanyan tribe, which was the excuse of a rebel, leading to the perishing of the Liao Dynasty and the rise of the Jin Dynasty.

关 键 词：猎鹰资源 海东青 春捺钵 鹰坊 鹰路 

分 类 号：F316.2[经济管理—产业经济]