一种基于机器视觉的自动定位方法及实验  

An Automatic Positioning Method Based on Machine Vision and Its Experiment

作　　者：黄帅[1] 黄强先[1] 袁丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学仪器科学与光电工程学院,安徽合肥230009

出　　处：《测控技术》2013年第10期59-61,65,共4页Measurement & Control Technology

基　　金：国家863计划重点项目(2008AA042409)

摘　　要：介绍了一种基于机器视觉的高效、高精度自动定位控制方法,并通过了实验验证。首先,利用图像处理的结果确定控制系统中各零件的位置和方向。其次,通过实验得到像素坐标系和空间坐标系的关系,控制二维工作台高速向定位点运行,提高定位效率。最后,由电感测微仪的显示值变化构成闭环控制系统,控制工作台低速向定位点逼近,提高了定位精度。介绍了自动定位系统的总体结构设计、基本原理及实现过程,并给出了二维工作台两个方向上的定位误差实验分析。A high-efficiency, high-precision automatic positioning control method based on machine vision is in- troduced, and is verified by experiments. Firstly, the positions and orientations of the various components in the control system are determined by the results of the image processing. Secondly, the relationship between the pixel coordinate system and the space coordinate system is obtained by the experiments, and then the two-di- mensional table is controlled to move towards the anchor point in high speed to improve the positioning effi- ciency. Finally, a closed-loop control system is constituted by the changing displayed value of the inductance micrometer, and the table is controlled to approach the anchor point in low-speed to improve the positioning precision. The general structure design, the basic principles and the realization process of the automatic positio- ning system are introduced, and the experiment analysis of positioning errors in both directions on the two-di- mensional table is given.

关 键 词：机器视觉 高精度 闭环控制 自动定位 

分 类 号：TH71[机械工程—测试计量技术及仪器] TP273[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]