高速公路紧急救援路线选择路径模型  

Path model for route selection for expressway emergency rescue

作　　者：韩晓宇[1] 卢昕玮[1] 吴群琪[1] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学经济与管理学院,陕西西安710064

出　　处：《长安大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第5期86-92,共7页Journal of Chang’an University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金西部项目(11XJY027);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(10YJC840029);长安大学人文社会科学基金项目(0901);长安大学省级哲学社会科学重点研究基地项目(JD0901)

摘　　要：为了及时、有效地处理高速公路各种突发性交通事故,实现快速响应和紧急救助,以达到减少人员伤亡、经济损失与促进高速公路可持续发展的目的,从影响高速公路紧急救援的广义交通阻抗入手,分析了影响救援路线选择的路段长度、路段自身条件、天气状况与交通状况等主要因素,构建了高速公路紧急救援路线选择数学模型,研究了改进型Floyd加速算法在多点对多点救援路线选择中的应用,并将所建立的模型用于河南省高速公路的紧急救援路线选择。研究结果表明:当交通阻抗影响较小时,到达事故点原始距离最短的点即为救援车辆应该选择的驶入点;当交通阻抗影响较大时,到达事故点原始距离最短的点不一定是救援车辆应选择的驶入点;当交通阻抗影响异常大时,会迫使救援车辆放弃原始距离最短的驶入点,说明该模型在解决多点对多点救援路线选择中具有较好的效果,达到了选择合理有效救援路线的目的,为目前高速公路紧急救援决策提供有效的解决方案。In order to effectively deal with sudden traffic accidents on expressway in time for quick response and emergency aid so as to reduce casualties and property loss and facilitate the sustain- able development of expressway, principal influence factors including section length, section con- ditions, weather conditions and traffic conditions on route selection for expressway emergency rescue were analysed from general traffic impedances influencing expressway emergency rescue. A mathematical model for route selection for expressway emergency rescue was established and the application of improved Floyd accelerated algorithm to route selection for emergency rescue a- mong multiple spots was studied. The model was applied to route selection for emergency rescue on Henan expressway. The results show that the starting point that has the shortest original dis- tance to the accident point is the entry point for emergency rescue when the traffic impedance effect is small. The starting point that has the shortest original distance to the accident point is not always the entry point for emergency rescue when traffic impedance effect is large. The aidvehicle will abandon the entry point with shortest original distance when traffic impedance effect is extremely large. The model has a good effect on solving problems of route selection for emer- gency rescue among multiple spots and achieves the aim of selecting the rational and effective res- cue route, which provides effective solution scheme for decisions of route selection for expressway emergency rescue. 1 fig, 4 tabs, 13 refs.

关 键 词：交通工程 广义交通阻抗 高速公路 紧急救援 路线选择 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理] F50[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]