变质量动力吸振器及其减振性能  

Variable mass dynamic vibration absorber and its performance of vibration reduction

作　　者：高强[1] 房祥波[1] 赵艳青[1] 段晨东[2] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学汽车学院,陕西西安710064 [2]长安大学电子与控制工程学院,陕西西安710064

出　　处：《长安大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第5期109-112,共4页Journal of Chang’an University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51175049;51275380);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CHD2012ZD007;CHD2011JC148)

摘　　要：针对传统动力吸振器'窄带'缺陷,提出了一种新的基于变质量调谐的自适应动力吸振器。与目前国内外学者通常采用的通过改变系统刚度或阻尼调整吸振器固有频率的方法不同,给出的吸振器中引入一个液体箱作为变质量单元,通过向箱中注入或抽出液体改变质量,从而调节吸振器固有频率,使之随主系统激振力频率的变化而变化。对变质量动力吸振器原理进行了分析,利用Simulink软件和试验对其减振性能进行了仿真和试验研究。结果表明:相比于传统吸振器,新的变质量动力吸振器具有更宽的有效频带,在试验中对主系统实现了最大约29dB的振动衰减,减振效果非常明显;这种宽频、高效特性对于吸振器的工程应用具有重要意义。Aimed at the defect of narrow band of traditional dynamic vibration absorber （DVA）, a novel adaptive dynamic vibration absorber based on variable mass was proposed in order to obtain the wide band DVA. Different from other adaptive dynamic vibration absorbers based on stiffness or damping modification suggested by other researchers, a variable mass element, i.e. a liquid box was introduced in the new DVA. By means of injecting liquid into or drawing liquid out the box, the DVA mass could be changed, while its natural frequency could be adjusted too. The performance of the new DVA in vibration reduction on a primary system was studied via simula- tion and some experiments. The results show that the proposed DVA can reduce the vibration of the primary system over a much wider band comparing with a traditional one, and the maximal vi- bration attenuation in an experiment is about 29 dB. The vibration reduction is obvious. The vari- able mass DVA is of great significance for effective wide band vibration reduction. 1 tab, 5 figs, 12 refs.

关 键 词：机械工程 振动控制 动力吸振器 自适应动力吸振器 

分 类 号：TP273[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]