国有煤炭企业职业危害管理现况调查分析  

AN INVESTIGATION ON THE CURRENT SITUATION OF THE OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS MANAGEMENT IN NATIONALIZED COAL MINES

作　　者：朱秀萍 秦天榜 徐应军[2] 范红敏[2] 范雪云[2] 袁聚祥[2] 金玉兰[2] 沈福海[2] 姚三巧[2] 

机构地区：[1]开滦职业病防治院,河北省唐山市063000 [2]河北联合大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《中国煤炭工业医学杂志》2013年第9期1508-1510,共3页Chinese Journal of Coal Industry Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金[81273017];唐山市科技兴安项目[0130202A-1-6]

摘　　要：目的分析煤炭系统职业危害管理中存在的问题并探索其对策。方法采用现况调查方法,由经过培训的调查员按统一设计的调查表对9家国有重点煤炭企业的管理人员及技术人员进行问卷调查,内容包括企业的基本情况、职业病患病情况、职业病防治机构及人员情况、有害因素监测情况、职业健康监护情况、健康档案建立情况、企业为职工投保情况、职业病防治经费投入情况等。结果所调查的9家煤炭企业均存在粉尘、噪声、高温、毒物、振动和电离辐射;职业病防治机构独立设置的占33.33%,机构编制总人数为1 448人,其中专业人员1 113人,本科以上学历368人;有毒物和高温监测制度的企业分别占33%和25%;职工职业健康监护档案建立率为58.15%,为职工缴纳工伤社会保险的企业为57.25%;预防性投入的经费1.5万到3 000万不等。结论所调查煤炭企业职业危害管理现状不容乐观,应加强对机构、人员的配备以及管理制度的健全并监督实施。Objective To learn the management actuality of occupational hazards in the coal system and ex- plores its preventive and control measurements. Methods Nine state- owned coal mines located in south- west, center, southeast and northeast of China were selected as subjects. The information about the preva- lence of oceupational diseases, institute and personnel of occupational disease prevention and therapy, Oc- cupational hazards and health surveillance, health record and work- related injury insurance, investment for preventing and therapy occupational disease were investigated according to the questionnaire. Results Occupational hazards existed extensively in the coal industries. The situation was more serious. More than 50 ~//0 of the industries had its own occupational prevention and therapy institution. Of the institutions, pro- fessional people accounted for 76. 86~, bachelor degree or above account for 25.41~. Only 33.33% en- terprises carried out poison monitoring, 25.~ enterprise did the high temperature monitoring. 58. 15~ of the workers who exposed to occupational hazard had occupational health surveillance archives and 57.25~ of them had employment injury insurance. The investment of the preventive funds was insufficient. Conclu- sion The problems about occupational hazards prevention and therapy in investigated coal mines was as follows： enterprises pay less attention on occupational hazards. Occupational hazard prevention and control institutions are not perfect, lack of personnel, investment inadequate, management deficiencies.

关 键 词：煤炭企业 职业危害 职业卫生管理 现况调查 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]