晋初礼制与司马氏帝室--《大晋龙兴皇帝三临辟雍碑》胜义蠡测  

The Ritual and Emperor Family in the Early Western jin Dynasty——A Conjecture on the Essence of Dajin longxing huangdi sanlin Pi Yong bei

作　　者：童岭[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学文学院,南京210093

出　　处：《学术月刊》2013年第10期148-160,共13页Academic Monthly

摘　　要：《大晋龙兴皇帝三临辟雍碑》出土于1931年,该年底即有余嘉锡、顾廷龙等名家撰文考证碑文、碑阴名录等史实。此后中日学者多有论述,胜义发挥无遗,似无多矣。然有两"不可解"之处为余嘉锡等先儒及中日时贤所未及。其一"不可解":古来仅有皇帝"临辟雍",皇太子断无临辟雍之礼,何以《晋辟雍碑》记载皇太子司马衷两次莅之?其二"不可解":《仪礼·乡饮酒礼》为士大夫之礼,古来无皇帝亲行之例,何以晋武帝为之?研究发现两个"不可解"背后体现了作为河内大士族成员的西晋武帝司马炎处于六朝初期的时代大变局中,对士族群体之微妙态度,及其为保护即将成为第二任皇帝的太子司马衷而采取之种种经学制度上的因变措施之原因。Dajin longxing huangdi sanlin Pi Yong bei was unearthed in 1931 and already had textual researches by Yu Jiaxi, Gu Tinglong, Fukuhara, Akiro et al. Despite all these, the author discoverd two unexplainable points not mentioned by previous researchers. One： why the stele recorded that prince royal Sima Zhong had did the Lmplyong（ ＂临辟雍 ＂） Rite twice as it was exclusive to emperor since ancient times？ The other： why Emperor Jinwu performed the Xiangyinjiu Rite （the country drinking ceremony system） unprecedentedly since it was attributed to scholar-bureaucrats？ The first part of this paper investigated the excavation of the stele. In the second part, the author started from the opening word ＂Longxing＂ and directed at its two different meanings in traditional steles and Confucian classics to analyze the hidden discourse meaning of the stele, then started from Linpiyong Rite in Wei and Jin Dynasty to neaten the records in Jinshu and the stele about the performance of Linpiyong Rite by Emperor Jinwu Sima Yan and prince royal Sima Zhong. The third part researched the meaning of Sima Yan＇s personal performance of Xiangyinjiu Rite from the background of Sima family＇s ritual studies, and then discussed the scholarizing of Sima emperor＇s family at the beginning of the Western Jin Dynasty in combination with the ups and downs of Ma Rong, Zheng Xuan and Wang Su＇s theories in Yili. Combined with the theory of ＂cheyangmeiren＂, the last part of this paper analyzed the commonness of Emperor Jinwu＇s new measures about ritual studies and institutions.

关 键 词：晋辟雍碑 乡饮酒礼 司马炎 司马衷 士族 

分 类 号：K235[历史地理—历史学]