甘蓝型油菜种子次生休眠遗传多样性  

Genetic diversity of secondary dormancy of in rapeseed accessions (Brassica napus)

作　　者：油清波[1,2] 刘燕[4] 曾新华[2] 赵祥祥[2,3] 卢长明[2] 

机构地区：[1]中南民族大学生命科学学院,武汉430074 [2]中国农业科学院油料作物研究所,农业部油料作物生物学重点开放实验室,武汉430062 [3]淮阴师范学院,江苏省环洪泽湖生态农业生物技术重点实验室,淮安223300 [4]环境保护部南京环境科学研究所,南京210042

出　　处：《科学通报》2013年第27期2795-2802,共8页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30900217);环保公益性行业科研专项(201109028)资助

摘　　要：次生休眠是指原来无休眠的种子由于不适宜环境条件的影响而诱发的休眠, 是导致油菜产区地下种子库长期存在和油菜自生苗繁衍并造成危害的根本原因. 本研究用4种埋藏法和PEG处理评价油菜49个品种种子次生休眠特性的遗传多样性. 结果表明, 不同品种甘蓝型油菜种子的休眠存在显著性差异, 4种埋藏检测方法检测油菜次生休眠特性的变异范围为0~44%, 广义遗传率为40%~53%. 49个品种中次生休眠率低于2%的品种占45%, 次生休眠率2%~20%的品种占38.8%, 次生休眠率20%~40%的品种占16.3% （如早丰4号、中双9号、红油2号、中双5号和Tower等）. PEG法检测的次生休眠性广义遗传率达到82.1%. 相关性分析表明, 甘蓝型油菜种子在不同埋藏时间和深度得到的休眠性呈极显著相关, 而PEG诱导甘蓝型油菜种子数据只与部分条件下的埋藏处理之间存在相关性. 埋藏实验显示, 部分品种的种子可进入深层次的休眠, 需要破眠处理才能发芽, 这些品种的种子可能会在土壤中存活更长时间.Secondary dormancy refers to dormancy induced in originally non-dormant seeds because of unsuitable environmental conditions. It is responsible for the long-term existence of underground seed banks in rapeseed-producing areas and oilseed rape volunteers. In this study, genetic diversity of secondary dormancy was evaluated in 49 Brassica napus accessions using four seed burial methods and one PEG treatment. Significant differences in secondary dormancy were observed among different accessions of B. napus. Secondary dormancy varied from 0 to 44% based on values obtained using the four burial methods, with broad sense heritability ranging from 40% to 53%. Accessions exhibiting less than 2% secondary dormancy accounted for 45% of the 49 varieties, with 38.8% of the accessions having secondary dormancy rates of 2%~20% and 16.3%, including Zaofeng 4, Tower, ZS 9, Hongyou 2, and ZS 5, with secondary dormancy rates of 20%~40%. Broad sense heritability obtained under PEG treatment was 82.1%. Using correlation analysis, we found a significant positive correlation between different periods and depths in seeds subjected to burial treatment. For the PEG-induced seed secondary dormancy data, a significant correlation was found only with some of the burial treatments. Burial experiments revealed that seeds of some accessions can enter into deeper dormancy, and that these accessions may survive longer in soil.

关 键 词：甘蓝型油菜 次生休眠 埋藏测试法 PEG诱导测试法 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]