人海绵体神经的应用解剖及临床意义  

Applied anatomy and clinical significance of human cavernous nerve

作　　者：黄子钧[1] 高渊[2] 郭晓丹[3] 杨向群[3] 

机构地区：[1]第二军医大学学员三队,上海200433 [2]第二军医大学海医二队,上海200433 [3]第二军医大学解剖学教研室,上海200433

出　　处：《解剖科学进展》2013年第5期467-469,471,共4页Progress of Anatomical Sciences

基　　金：第二军医大学创新能力培养计划资助项目(MS2012030)

摘　　要：海绵体神经起源于盆神经丛的次级神经丛-前列腺丛,含有交感神经纤维和副交感神经纤维两种成分。该神经与尿道血管形成神经血管束,沿前列腺两侧向远端走形,穿尿生殖膈后,发出分支进入海绵体,或与阴茎背神经交通,最后管理阴茎勃起组织。在盆内手术如膀胱、前列腺的根治性手术和全直肠系膜切除术后因海绵体神经损伤而导致患者术后勃起功能障碍时有发生。熟悉海绵体神经及其分支的走行特点及其与周围结构的关系,能降低手术并发症。在海绵体神经损伤后的重建方面也取得了一定的成果。The cavernous nerves, containing sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers, are originated from pelvic plexus, form nerve-vessel bundle with urethral blood vessels, and run bilaterally to prostate to distal urogenital diaphragm. After passing through the urogenital diaphragm, the cavernous nerves give off their branches either going direct to cavernous body or communicating with penile dorsal nerve, and supply the erectile tissue of penis finally. The injuries of cavernous nerve in the radical operation for bladder and prostate and the excision for total mesorectum are sometimes happened, leading to postoperative erectile dysfunction. So, being familiar with the characteristics and adjacent relationship of cavernous nerves and their branches will be helpful for protecting cavernous nerve. In addition, the reconstruction for damaged cavernous nerves has been also made certain achievement.

关 键 词：海绵体神经损伤 临床意义 应用解剖 副交感神经纤维 阴茎背神经 根治性手术 勃起功能障碍 切除术后 

分 类 号：R322.85[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]