高胆固醇对兔胆囊和胆道口括约肌的动力及超微结构影响  

Experimental study of motility and ultrastructure of gallbladder and sphincter of Oddi in rabbits fed with hypercholesterol diet

作　　者：黄海东[1] 魏经国[2] 杨春敏[3] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学卫生处,陕西西安710033 [2]第四军医大学唐都医院放射科 [3]第四军医大学西京医院放射科

出　　处：《第四军医大学学报》2000年第11期1402-1405,共4页Journal of the Fourth Military Medical University

摘　　要：目的　研究高胆固醇 (Ch)对兔胆囊成石前胆囊和胆道口括约肌 (SO)的功能及其超微结构影响及 SO动力异常和胆囊动力异常之间关系 .方法　高 Ch饲养兔 2 wk(实验 组 )、4wk(实验 组 )制作实验性高 Ch血症模型 ,实验组与正常组进行 B超测定胆囊排空功能、SO压力测定及超微结构病理对照 .结果　实验 组、 组与对照组比较 ,胆囊空腹体积和残存体积增大 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,最大排空率减少 [(5 1.1±7.6 ) % ,(39.8± 5 .9) % vs(72 .7± 4.0 ) % ,P<0 .0 5 ];胆总管插入引流管后实验 组胆囊最大排空率无明显减少 (P>0 .0 5 ) ,实验 组胆囊最大排空率减少 [(5 2 .9± 5 .7) % vs(72 .7± 4.0 ) % ,P<0 .0 5 ].实验 组和 组与对照组比较 ,SO近侧段基础压升高 [(3.98± 0 .80 ) k Pa,(5 .73± 1.13)k Pa vs(2 .15± 0 .33) k Pa,P<0 .0 5 ]和高压带 (HPZ)压力升高 [(8.18± 1.0 1) k Pa,(10 .5 8± 2 .81) k Pa vs (4 .89± 0 .75 )k Pa,P<0 .0 5 ],SO收缩幅度降低 (P<0 .0 5 ) .电镜显示实验 组胆囊平滑肌和实验 , 组 SO肌丝疏松 ,线粒体肿胀 .结论　高 Ch作用下 SO功能异常发生于胆囊收缩功能降低之前 ,导致胆囊淤胆 ,为胆囊结石形成奠定基础 .AIM To investigate the motility and ultrastructure of the gallbladder and sphincter of Oddi prior to gallstone formation in rabbits fed with hypercholesterol diet, and to explore the association between motor abnormality of sphincter of Oddi and motor abnormality of gallbladder. METHODS Two groups of rabbits were fed with hypercholesterol diet for 2 weeks, 4 weeks respectively. In control group and experimental groups, gallbladder empty function was assessed ultrasonographically, pressure of sphincter of Oddi was measured, and the ultrastrueture was observed by transelectronmicroscopy. RESULTS In experimental groupⅠ and Ⅱ, gallbladder ejection fraction decreased [(51.1± 7.6 )% and (39.8± 5.9 )% respectively; control group: ( 72.7 ±4.0)%, P < 0.05 ], gallbladder fasting volume and residual volume increased ( P <0.05), the basal pressure of the proximal segment of sphincter of Oddi increased [(3.98±0.80) kPa and (5.73±1.13) kPa respectively; control group: (2.15± 0.33 ) kPa, P <0.05], and the pressure of high pressure zone increased [(8.18±1.01) kPa and (10.58±2.81) kPa respectively; control group: (4.89±0.75) kPa; P <0.05], and the amplitude of phasic contractions decreased ( P <0.05). But, after a catheter was positioned within the terminal common bile duct, gallbladder ejection fraction in experimental groupⅠ did not decrease ( P > 0.05 ), gallbladder ejection fraction in experimental groupⅡ decreased [(52.9± 5.7 )%, control group: (72.7±4.0)%, P <0.05]. The microfilament was loosened and swell mitochondria were observed in smooth muscle cells of the gallbladder in experimental groupⅡ and sphincter of Oddi in experimental groupⅠ and Ⅱ. CONCLUSION Functional abnormality of sphincter of Oddi may lead to biliary stasis before gallbladder contractile function decreased in rabbits fed with hypercholesterol diet, and contribute to the formation of gallstone.

关 键 词：胆道口括约肌 胆囊 胆固醇 超微结构 

分 类 号：R657.420.2[医药卫生—外科学]