冬小麦幼苗生长和化感物质对CO_2和O_3浓度升高的响应  

Responses of winter wheat seedling growth and allelochemical content to elevated CO_2 and O_3 concentrations

作　　者：张晓影[1,2] 王朋[1] 周斌[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所森林与土壤生态国家重点实验室,沈阳110164 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2013年第10期2843-2849,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40971159);中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所青年创新群体项目资助

摘　　要：利用开顶式气室(OTC),采用盆栽试验研究了CO2浓度为550μL·L-1、O3浓度为60μL·L-1及CO2浓度为550μL·L-1+O3浓度为60μL·L-1对7个冬小麦品种幼苗生物量和化感物质丁布(DIMBOA)的影响.结果表明:在高CO2浓度下,冬小麦幼苗地上生物量与丁布含量在品种间存在显著差异,品种碧蚂1号幼苗和根干质量比对照(CO2浓度为370μL·L-1,O3浓度为40μL·L-1)增加了36.8%和24.7%;丁布含量增幅为5.7%~184.6%.除碧蚂1号和陕139外,高浓度O3导致冬小麦生物量降低,但使所有品种丁布含量显著增加,变幅为0.5~3倍.交互作用下所有品种根干质量降低,长武134地上部质量、根质量和丁布含量降幅最大,分别为8.2%、27.9%和35.5%;与长武134、远丰175和兰考217丁布含量降低相反,陕139丁布含量增加84.6%.聚类分析显示,不同处理和不同品种均显著影响丁布含量,陕139、兰考217和长武134在高CO2和O3浓度处理下聚为一类,而陕139在所有处理中丁布含量均表现为增加.表明化感物质丁布可以作为气候变化条件下,尤其是CO2和O3变化下抗性育种的特定指标.By using open-top chamber （OTC）, a pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of elevated CO2（550 μL ~ L-1 ）, 03（60 μL ~ L-1 ）, and their interaction （ CO2 550 μL ~ L-1 plus 03 60 μL ~ L-1 ） on the seedling dry mass and allelochemical DIMBOA content of seven winter spring cuhivars. Under elevated CO2, there existed significant differences in the shoot dry mass and DIMBOA content among the test wheat cultivars. As compared with the control （ CO2 370 p,L ~ L-1 ; 03 40 p^L ~ L-1 ） , the shoot and root dry mass of cuhivar Bima-1 under elevated CO2 increased by 36.8% and 24.7% , respectively, and the DIMBOA content increased by 5.7%-184.6%. Ele- vated 03 decreased the seedling dry mass except for Bima-1 and Shan-139, but increased the DIM- BOA content of all the cultivars, with an increment of 0.5-3 folds. Under the interaction of elevat- ed CO2 and 03 , the root dry mass of all cultivars decreased, and the shoot dry mass, root dry mass, and DIMBOA content of Changwu-134 had the greatest decrement of 8.2% , 27.9% , and 35.5% , respectively. In contrast to the decrease of the DIMBOA content of Changwu-134, Yuanfeng-175 and Lankao-217, the DIMBOA content of Shah-139 increased by 84.6%. The cluster analysis indi- cated that both the treatments and the cultivars had significant effects on the DIMBOA content, the cuhivars Shan-139, Lankao-217, and Changwu-134 under the elevated CO2 or 03 could be grouped together, whereas the DIMBOA content of Shan-139 in all treatments increased. These findings sug- gested that DIMBOA could be used as a specific indicator for resistance breeding under climate change, especially under elevated 03 and CO2.

关 键 词：冬小麦 CO2浓度升高 O3浓度升高 丁布 化感物质 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]