宁夏10种观赏灌木叶片解剖结构及其抗旱性综合评价  

Drought Resistance Study of 10 Major Ornamental Shrub in Ningxia

作　　者：刘滨[1] 彭励[1] 郑丽萍[1] 任树勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学生命科学学院,银川750021

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2013年第9期1808-1816,共9页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：自治区科技攻关宁陕合作项目

摘　　要：采用显微制片技术,对宁夏10种主要灌木树种叶片的解剖结构进行了观察,分别测定了叶片厚度、上下角质层厚度、栅栏组织、海绵组织、气孔密度等15个与抗旱性相关的指标,并对15个指标进行主成分分析,用隶属函数法对10种灌木的抗旱性进行了综合评价。结果表明:10种灌木的叶片具有典型的旱生结构,大多数具有表皮毛,且具有明显的角质层结构;上、下表皮细胞及叶肉细胞排列紧密。15个指标在各灌木树种间的差异均极显著,其中叶片厚度、上角质层、栅栏组织厚度、气孔密度和主脉维管束直径为叶片旱性结构的主要因子。通过5个主要因子的综合评价,10种灌木的抗旱性大小顺序依次为:沙冬青>花棒>蒙古莸>金叶莸>互叶醉鱼草>蒙古扁桃>鞑靼忍冬>葱皮忍冬>金花忍冬>台尔曼忍冬。The leaf anatomical structures of 10 drought resistance shrubs were observed and measured by eco-anatomical method.The 15 xeromorphic indices including the thickness of the leaf,upper and lower epidermis,and the palisade and spongy tissue,the diameter of vascular bundle of the main vein and the stoma density and so on.The principal component analysis and membership function analysis were used to analysis the measured data and evaluate the resistances of these species.The results indicated that leaves of the tested shrubs had the typical structures of the xerophytes,which are the results of adapting to the drought environment.15 indices had significant difference among the shrub species at P0.01 level,and 5 typical xeromorphic indices（leaf thickness,upper epidermis,the palisade tissue thickness,the density of stoma and diameter of vascular bundle of the main vein）were selected by principal component analysis.According to the results of subordinate function value analysis,the drought resistance capability of 10 shrubs was in the order of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus（Maxim.）Cheng f.Hedysarum scopariumCaryopteris mongholica Bunge.Caryopteris clandonensisBuddleja lindleyanaAmygdalus mongolica（Maxim.）Ricker.Lonicera tatarica L.Lonicera ferdinandiiLonicera chrysantha Turcz.Lonicera tellmanniana.

关 键 词：观赏灌木 叶片 解剖结构 抗旱性 综合评价 

分 类 号：Q944.56[生物学—植物学]