乌鲁木齐市结核病流行病学抽样调查  

Survey and analysis of the epidemiology of tuberculosis in Urumqi

作　　者：陈阳贵[1] 芮宝玲[1] 陈颖 于莉 沈梅 张为胜[1] 马丽[1] 刘泓[1] 吐逊古[1] 

机构地区：[1]乌鲁木齐市疾病预防控制中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830026 [2]乌鲁木齐市米东区疾病预防控制中心 [3]乌鲁木齐市天山区区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2013年第20期3872-3874,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解乌鲁木齐市结核病流行情况及危害程度、评价防治措施效果,为制定下一个结核病十年防治规划提供科学依据。方法采取分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取乌鲁木齐市2个调查点的2 729名15岁及以上的常住人口(大于6个月)进行流行病学调查。所有应检人口均应进行症状调查并拍摄胸片。对所有肺部有异常阴影者和咳嗽、咳痰症状大于2周者或咯血者进行痰涂片和培养检查。结果本次结核病流行病学抽样调查应检2 729人,实检2 597人,实检率为95.16%,活动性肺结核患病率为983.61/10万,经过标化后活动性肺结核患病率为723.45/10万;菌阳肺结核患病率为192.53/10万,经过标化全人口的菌阳肺结核患病率为69.95/10万。应检者结核病防治知识知晓率为60.37%%。结论结核病疫情仍居高不下,防治形势严峻,全民的结病防治知识知晓率相对较低;应引起政府的高度关注和各部门的高度重视。OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of tuberculosis in Urumqi, the level of damage caused by the disease, and the effectiveness of the preventive measures, so to provide a scientific reference for the develop- ment of the next 10-year Tuberculosis Control Program. METHODS Stratified and cluster random samplings were adopted to select 2 729 permenant residents （residing in Urumqi for over 6 months） over the age of 15 from two survey sites in Urnmqi for epidemiological investigations. All subjects were subjected to syptom investigation and chest X-ray. Sputum smear and cul- ture examinations were conducted on subjects with abnormal lung shadow, cough or expectoration for over 2 weeks, or hemoptysis. RESULTS The tuberculosis epidemiology investigation examined 2 597 subjects among the 2 729 selected resi- dents, resulting in a response rate of 95.16%. Prevalenees of active pulmonary tuberculosis before and after standardization were 983.61/100 000 and 723.45/100 000, respectively; while prevalences of sputum smear-positive pulmonary TB before and after standardization were 192.53/100 000 and 69.95/100 000, respectively. Awareness rate of tuberculosis prevention- related knowledge among the subjects was 60.37%. CONCLUSION Tuberculosis is still highly prevalent in Urumqi and the prevention and control of tuberculosis in the area has been challenging. Awareness rate of tuberculosis-related knowledge a- mong the residents is relatively poor. More attention from the government and related agencies is needed for improving this problem.

关 键 词：结核病 患病率 知晓率 

分 类 号：R52[医药卫生—内科学]